Chodabwitsa, Mbiri Yachidule Kwambiri pa Vagina

Zamkati

• Ngakhale masiku ano, timakonda kukhala osamveka bwino za ma vaginas
• Kuphatikiza apo, ma anatomists oyambilira adalakwitsa kwambiri za mawonekedwe achikazi
• Ndipo madotolo adawoneka bwino mkati mwa nyini wamoyo
• Koma ngakhale ndikuwonekera kumene kwatsopano, nyini ikadali yotsalira
• Tikulankhulabe za nyini m'njira zosalondola, zosocheretsa

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Takhala tikukhala ndi zibambo nthawi zonse, koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti tiwadziwe - makamaka zamankhwala.

Chiwerengero cha mawu anyini, moona, chodabwitsa.

Kuchokera pa "madona" achichepere kupita ku "vajayjay" ochezeka kupita ku hoohas, bizinesi yamayi, ndi mawu ambiri onyoza omwe angatchulidwe - chilankhulo cha Chingerezi ndichachidziwikire kuti chimasokoneza bongo. Titha kukhala opanga bwino, mwachiwonekere, pamene sitikufuna kutuluka ndikunena "nyini."

Ndipo ndikutiuza.

Kwa mbiri yakale ya anthu, nyini yakhala nkhani yoletsa - ngati sizingafotokozedwe, ndiye kuti sichinthu chofunikira kukambirana poyera.

M'malo mwake, kunalibe ngakhale mawu azachipatala pamagulu azimayi mpaka zaka za m'ma 1680. Izi zisanachitike, liwu lachilatini loti "nyini" limatanthauza chikwanje kapena m'chimake cha lupanga. Chifukwa chake siziyenera kudabwitsanso kuti m'malo azachipatala, nyini ndi ziwalo zina zoberekera zazimayi zimawonedwa kwanthawi yayitali ngati zododometsa - komanso zachinyengo - ma anatomy.

Dokotala wakale wachi Greek Aretaeus amakhulupirira kuti chiberekero chimayendayenda thupi lachikazi ngati "nyama yomwe ili mkati mwa nyama," ndikupangitsa kudwala pamene ikumenyedwa pamphaka kapena pachiwindi. Amakhulupiliranso kuti imakopeka ndi fungo lonunkhira, kotero kuti sing'anga akhoza kukopa kuti abwerere m'malo mwake powauza kumaliseche ndi fungo labwino.

Monga wolemba mbiri Thomas Laqueur alembera, chinali chofala nthawi imeneyo kuti abambo ndi amai amagawana ziwalo zogonana zomwezo.

Ndipo kotero yapita kumaliseche - mbiri yake yadzaza ndi nthano, kusamvetsetsa, komanso kuzunzidwa.

Kupatula apo, mumasamalira bwanji thanzi la chinthu chomwe simungatchule ngakhale pang'ono?

"Ziwalo zoberekera za akazi ndizopatulika kwambiri kapena zolephereka kotero kuti sitingathe kuyankhula za iwo konse, kapena ngati tizinena za iwo, ndi nthabwala zonyansa," atero a Christine Labuski, yemwe kale anali namwino wazamayi ndipo tsopano ndi chikhalidwe anthropologist ku Virginia Tech komanso wolemba "Zimapweteketsa Kumeneko," buku lonena za kupweteka kwa kumaliseche.

Ngakhale masiku ano, timakonda kukhala osamveka bwino za ma vaginas

Oprah amadziwika kuti ndiofalitsa "vajayjay," koma sizikuwonekeratu kuti tonse tikulankhula za gawo limodzi la thupi. Kodi vajayjay wa Oprah ndi nyini yake - njira yochokera pachibelekero chake mpaka kunja kwa thupi lake - kapena ndi maliseche ake, omwe amaphatikizapo ziwalo zonse zakunja zomwe ndimaganiza munthu wina akamati "lady bits" - labia, clitoris, ndi pubic mound?

Kawirikawiri lero, timangogwiritsa ntchito mawu oti nyini monga kugwira-zonse - mwina chifukwa ngati pali mawu omwe sitimakhala omasuka kunena kuposa nyini, ndi maliseche.

Ndipo ngati akazi amakono samadziwika bwinobwino za kapangidwe kawo, mutha kulingalira zomwe amuna akale amapanga.

Mpaka 1994 pomwe NIH idalamula kuti mayesero ambiri azachipatala akuphatikizapo azimayi.

Galen, yemwe amadziwika kuti anali woyamba wofufuza zamankhwala mu Ufumu wa Roma, adakana chiberekero choyendayenda koma adawona nyini ngati mbolo yakunja. M'zaka za zana lachiwiri A.D., adalemba izi kuthandiza owerenga kuwona:

“Choyamba, taganizani za [maliseche] a mwamunayo obwera mkati ndikufutukukira mkati pakati pa thumbo ndi chikhodzodzo. Ngati izi zingachitike, mikwingwirima imayenera kulowa m'malo mwa chiberekero, pomwe ma testes amakhala kunja, moyandikira mbali zonse ziwiri. ”

Ndiye muli nazo - Galen akunena kuti ngati mungaganize zokankha amuna onse ndikulowetsa mthupi la munthu, chikoko chimakhala chiberekero, mbolo idzakhala nyini, ndipo machende amakhala ovary.

Kunena zowonekeratu, ichi sichinali chifaniziro chokha. Monga wolemba mbiri Thomas Laqueur alembera, chinali chofala nthawi imeneyo kuti abambo ndi amai amagawana ziwalo zogonana zomwezo.

Chifukwa chomwe chikhodzodzo sichingabale ana - osanenapo komwe ndemangayo imagwirizana ndi ndondomekoyi - sizinali zomveka bwino, koma Galen sanadandaule ndi mafunso amenewo. Anafunikira kunena kuti: Mkazi anali chabe wopanda ungwiro wamwamuna.

Zingamveke zopusa lero, koma lingaliro loti mwamuna ndiye muyezo wamthupi la munthu lidapitilira.

Sizinafike mpaka 1994 pomwe U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) idalamula kuti mayesero ambiri azachipatala akuphatikizapo azimayi (omaliza adadutsidwa koyamba mu 1993, koma adayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo poti NIH idasinthanso malangizowo).

Izi zisanachitike, poganiza kuti azigwiranso ntchito amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Lingaliro limenelo linatsimikizira kuti silinali lolondola. Kuchokera mu 1997 mpaka 2001, mankhwala 8 mwa 10 aliwonse omwe adachotsedwa pamsika amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa amayi, nthawi zambiri chifukwa azimayi amadzipukusa mosiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma anatomists oyambilira adalakwitsa kwambiri za mawonekedwe achikazi

Malingaliro a Galen okhudza azimayi adakhazikika pakumvetsetsa kwake kosakhazikika kwamatenda achikazi, zomwe mwina zimamveka popeza sanaloledwe kufalitsa mitembo ya anthu.

Sizinapitirire zaka za m'ma 1500, panthawi ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano, kuti akatswiri a anatomiki amatha kuyang'ana mkati mwa thupi ndikuyamba kufalitsa zojambula za maliseche pamodzi ndi ziwalo zina. Komabe, zithunzi zawo za njira yoberekera zimaonedwa ngati zonyoza ndi tchalitchi, kotero mabuku ambiri a nthawiyo amabisa maliseche pansi pamapepala kapena kuzisiyiratu.

Ngakhale Andreas Vesalius, dokotala waku Flemish yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi bambo wa anatomy, samakhala wotsimikiza nthawi zonse pazomwe amayang'ana. Amawona chimbudzi ngati gawo labwinobwino lomwe silinachitike mwa azimayi athanzi, mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwake amaganiza kuti nyini ndiyofanana ndi mbolo yachikazi.

Koma munthawi ya Chidziwitso kuyambira 1685 mpaka 1815, sayansi, kuphatikiza anatomy, idakula. Ndipo chifukwa cha makina osindikizira, anthu ambiri adayamba kuphunzira zakugonana komanso thupi lachikazi.

“Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chatsopano chosindikiza,” alemba a Raymond Stephanson ndi a Darren Wagner powunikira mwachidule za nthawiyo, “zolemba zaupangiri wa zakugonana, mabuku azamwino, zofalitsa zogonana, zochitika ... zithandizo zamankhwala mchilankhulo chawo, ngakhale bukuli… zidapezeka pagulu owerenga ambiri kuposa kale lonse. ”

"Bukulo (" Thupi Lathu, Lathu "1970) linali losintha," akutero a Rodriguez, "chifukwa limapatsa azimayi chidziwitso chokhudza matupi awo."

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikukula kwamankhwala amakono m'ma 1800, anthu ambiri adayamba kuwona madotolo.

Kubadwa kwa mwana, komwe kunkawoneka ngati chinthu chabwinobwino kuchitikira kunyumba, kunayamba kupita kuzipatala, atero a Sarah Rodriguez, PhD, wolemba mbiri ya zamankhwala ku Northwestern University.

Ndipo madotolo adawoneka bwino mkati mwa nyini wamoyo

anali dokotala wachinyamata ku Alabama m'ma 1840 pomwe anali ndi chidwi chochita maopareshoni azimayi - ndiye ntchito yatsopano. Kuti atero, adayambitsa gawo la matenda azachikazi monga tikudziwira lero.

Choyamba, adapanga kachilombo ka ukazi, komwe madokotala azachipatala amagwiritsabe ntchito kutsegula ndi kuwona mkati mwa nyini, kenako adachita upainiya woyamba kukonza fistula ya vesicovaginal, vuto la kubereka komwe dzenje limatseguka pakati pa nyini ndi chikhodzodzo.

Kuchita opaleshoniyo kunachitika, koma kupita patsogolo kunabweretsa mtengo waukulu. Ngakhale panthawiyo, a Rodriguez akuti, njira za Sims zimawoneka ngati zokayikitsa pamakhalidwe.

Ndi chifukwa Sims adapanga opareshoniyo poyesa akazi akapolo aku Africa aku America. M'nkhani zake, akukambirana za akazi atatu makamaka, otchedwa Betsey, Anarcha, ndi Lucy. Anachita maopaleshoni 30 - onse osachita dzanzi - pa Anarcha yekha, kuyambira ali ndi zaka 17.

"Sindikuganiza kuti mungalankhule za kulengedwa kwake kwa maopaleshoniwa osanenapo azimayiwa," akutero a Rodriguez. "Kukonza fistula kwathandiza amayi ambiri kuyambira pamenepo, koma izi zidachitika ndi azimayi atatu omwe samatha kunena kuti ayi."

Mu Epulo wa 2018, chifanizo cha Sims ku Central Park City ku New York adachichotsa, kuti asinthidwe ndi chikwangwani chomwe chidzapatse mayina azimayi atatu omwe Sims adayesapo.

Ndipo ngakhale azimayi masiku ano atha kupeza zambiri zamatupi awo kuposa kale, izi zikutanthauzanso kuti amaphulitsidwa ndi mauthenga olakwika komanso olakwika.

Kwa amayi ambiri, kuchotsedwa kwa fanoli kunali kofunikira kuvomereza kuvulaza ndi kunyalanyaza komwe amayi adakumana nako kwa zaka ndi manja azachipatala. Sizinapitirire mpaka m'ma 1970, Rodriguez akuti, chisamaliro cha amayi chinadza mwa iwo okha.

Bukhu "Thupi Lathu, Lathu" lidathandizira kwambiri pakusintha kumeneku.

Mu 1970, Judy Norsigian ndi akazi ena mu Boston Women’s Health Book Collective adasindikiza buku loyambirira, lomwe limalankhula mwachindunji komanso mosapita m'mbali kwa amayi za chilichonse kuyambira kuthupi mpaka thanzi lachiwerewere komanso kusintha kwa msambo.

Rodriguez anati: “Bukulo linali losintha zinthu, chifukwa linkapatsa akazi chidziwitso chokhudza matupi awo.”

Ndipo chidziwitsochi chinapatsa mphamvu amayi kuti akhale akatswiri awo azaumoyo - bukulo lagulitsa makope opitilira mamiliyoni anayi, ndipo azimayi amafotokozabe nkhani zodutsa makope opindika agalu mpaka atagwa.

Zachidziwikire, panali ludzu la chidziwitso, a Judy Norsigian akutero pomwe akukumbukira nthawiyo. "Kubwerera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60 ndi 70s timadziwa zochepa chabe za matupi athu, koma timadziwa zochepa zomwe timadziwa," akutero lero. "Izi ndizomwe zidapangitsa kuti amayi azisonkhana ndikupanga kafukufukuyu."

Kwa zaka zambiri, Norsigian akuti, kufunika kwa bukuli sikunathe, koma kwasintha.

"Pali zambiri zabodza pa intaneti," akutero. Amalongosola azimayi omwe amamuyandikira pazochitika ndikufunsa mafunso omwe akuwonetsa kusowa chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza thupi lachikazi.

Iye anati: “Samvetsa za matenda a msambo ndi matenda a mumikodzo, kapena sadziŵa kuti ali ndi mapiko aŵiri osiyana!”

Ndipo ngakhale azimayi masiku ano atha kupeza zambiri zamatupi awo kuposa kale, izi zikutanthauzanso kuti amaphulitsidwa ndi mauthenga olakwika komanso olakwika.

"Akazi masiku ano amapeza lingaliro loti uyenera kuwoneka ngati momwe amaonera zolaula, chifukwa chake akumeta ndevu ndikusintha malo anyini," akutero a Norsigian. "Kubwezeretsa ukazi ndi opaleshoni yotentha tsopano."

Ichi ndichifukwa chake buku lomaliza la bukuli - kulibenso ndalama zopitilizabe kukonzanso - lili ndi gawo la momwe mungapezere chidziwitso chokwanira pa intaneti, komanso kupewa malo ogulitsira obisika ngati maphunziro.

Ndipo pambuyo pa mbiri yayitali ija, zitenga zokambirana zambiri kumaliseche kuti zipange nthawi yotayika.

Koma ngakhale ndikuwonekera kumene kwatsopano, nyini ikadali yotsalira

Nachi chitsanzo chimodzi chokha: kampani ya Kotex idakonza zapa TV pamalonda ake ndi ma tampon omwe amatchula mawu oti "nyini." Kupatula apo, ndipomwe mankhwala awo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pambuyo pofalitsa ma TV atatu akuwuza kampaniyo kuti sangagwiritse ntchito mawuwa, Kotex adajambula chiwonetserocho ndi wojambulayo pogwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "kumeneko."

Ayi. Awiri mwa atatuwa adakana ngakhale izi.

Izi sizinali m'ma 1960 - malondawa adachitika mu 2010.

Mapeto ake, anali kupitabe patsogolo kofunikira. Kampaniyo idasekerera kutsatsa kwawo komwe kunadutsa, komwe kunali madzi amtambo ndipo azimayi akuvina mosangalala, akukwera mahatchi, ndikulumpha mozungulira mathalauza oyera - mwina nthawi yonse yomwe anali kusamba. Komabe ngakhale mu 2010, Kotex sakanatha kutchula, ngakhale kutanthauzira, za nyini weniweni.

Ndiye inde, tachokera kutali, mwana. Patha zaka mazana ambiri kuchokera pamene aliyense adayesa kuyesa chiberekero choyenda ndi potaziyini ya nyini. Koma mbiri ikupitilizabe kutipanga.

Tikulankhulabe za nyini m'njira zosalondola, zosocheretsa

Zotsatira zake, anthu ambiri sakudziwa kusiyana pakati pa nyini ndi nyini - makamaka momwe angasamalire chimodzi.

Magazini azimayi ndi masamba ambiri okhudzana ndi thanzi samathandiza, kulimbikitsa malingaliro opanda pake monga "momwe mungapezere nyini yanu yabwino yotentha nthawi zonse" ndikulimbikitsa njira zodzikongoletsera ndi maopaleshoni omwe amachititsa manyazi azimayi kuti aziganiza kuti maliseche awo abwinobwino siabwino mokwanira.

Mu 2013, kafukufuku ku yunivesite yaku U.S. adapeza kuti ndi 38% yokha ya azimayi aku koleji omwe amatha kunena kuti nyini pa chithunzi chazomwe zimachitika (kumenya 20% ya amuna aku koleji omwe angawapeze). Ndipo ochepera theka la azimayi onse pakufufuza kwapadziko lonse adati ali omasuka kukambirana za ukazi ndi omwe amawapatsa chithandizo chamankhwala.

"Ngakhale ambiri aife timakhala mdziko la 'vag' lino, ndipo anthu amatumiza zithunzi zawo kumaliseche ndipo zimamveka ngati mphindi yotseguka iyi, ndikuganiza [malingalirowa] adalidi atsopano pokhudzana ndi mbiri yakale," akutero a Labuski.

Ndipo zitatha mbiri "yayitali" iyi, zitenga zokambirana zambiri kumaliseche kuti zipange nthawi yotayika.

Erika Engelhaupt ndi wolemba nkhani komanso mkonzi wa sayansi. Amalemba gawo la Gory Details ku National Geographic, ndipo ntchito yake idawonekera m'manyuzipepala, magazini, ndi wailesi kuphatikiza Science News, The Philadelphia Inquirer, ndi NPR.