Thupi lawo siligwirizana

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhudza zinthu zotchedwa allergen zomwe zimakhudzana ndi khungu, mphuno, maso, kapumidwe, ndi m'mimba. Amatha kupumira m'mapapu, kumeza, kapena jekeseni.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana. Chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa chimakhala chofanana ndi yankho lomwe limayambitsa matenda a hay fever. Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimachitika atangomva kumene.

Zosintha zambiri zimakhala zofatsa, pomwe zina zimatha kukhala zowopsa ndikuwopseza moyo. Amatha kutsekedwa m'dera laling'ono la thupi, kapena atha kukhudza thupi lonse. Mawonekedwe oopsa kwambiri amatchedwa anaphylaxis kapena anaphylactic shock. Thupi lawo siligwirizana zimachitika kawirikawiri anthu amene ali ndi banja mbiri ya ziwengo.

Zinthu zomwe sizimavutitsa anthu ambiri (monga poyizoni wa mbola ndi zakudya zina, mankhwala, ndi mungu) zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena mwa anthu ena.

Kuwonetsedwa koyamba kungapangitse kuyankha pang'ono. Kuwonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina. Munthu akangoyamba kuwonetsa kapena kusokoneza thupi (kumalimbikitsidwa), ngakhale kuchepa kwa kachilombo kakang'ono kamene kamayambitsa matendawa kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimachitika m'masekondi kapena mphindi zochepa mutatha kupezeka. Zomwe zimachitika zimatha kuchitika patadutsa maola angapo, makamaka ngati allergen imayambitsa zomwe zidadyedwa. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika pambuyo pa maola 24.

Anaphylaxis ndizomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakangopita mphindi zochepa. Chithandizo chamankhwala chikufunika pakadali pano. Popanda chithandizo, anaphylaxis imatha kukulira mwachangu kwambiri ndikupangitsa kufa mkati mwa mphindi 15.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizo:

• Zinyama zanyama
• Njuchi zimaluma kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena
• Zakudya, makamaka mtedza, nsomba, ndi nkhono
• Kuluma kwa tizilombo
• Mankhwala
• Zomera
• Ziphuphu

Zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa thupi zimaphatikizapo:

• Ming'oma (makamaka pamwamba pa khosi ndi nkhope)
• Kuyabwa
• Kuchulukana m'mphuno
• Ziphuphu
• Madzi, maso ofiira

Zizindikiro zakusintha pang'ono kapena monga:

• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kulira kosazolowereka (kokwera kwambiri)
• Nkhawa
• Kusapeza bwino pachifuwa
• Tsokomola
• Kutsekula m'mimba
• Kupuma kovuta, kupuma
• Zovuta kumeza
• Chizungulire kapena kupepuka
• Kutuluka kapena kufiira kwa nkhope
• Nseru kapena kusanza
• Kupindika
• Kutupa kwa nkhope, maso, kapena lilime
• Kusazindikira

Kuti muchite modekha:

Khazikitsani mtima pansi ndikutsimikizirani munthu amene akuyankhayo. Kuda nkhawa kumatha kukulitsa zizindikilo.

Yesetsani kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndikupangitsani munthuyo kuti asakumanenso nawo.

1. Ngati munthu akuchita zotupa, perekani ma compress oziziritsa komanso kirimu wa hydrocortisone.
2. Samalani ndi munthuyo ngati akuona kuti akuvutika kwambiri.
3. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala. Pofuna kuyankha pang'ono, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kulangiza mankhwala osagulitsidwa, monga antihistamines.

Chifukwa choopsa kwambiri (anaphylaxis):

Onani momwe munthuyo akuyendera, kupuma, komanso kufalitsa (ABC's Basic Life Support). Chizindikiro chochenjeza chotupa pakhosi ndi mawu owongokera kapena onong'oneza, kapena kumveka kokhakokha munthu akamapuma. Ngati ndi kotheka, yambani kupuma ndi CPR.

1. Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko.
2. Khalani wodekha ndi kumutsimikizira munthuyo.
3. Ngati vutoli limachokera ku njuchi, pewani mbola pakhungu ndi chinthu cholimba (monga chikhadabo kapena kirediti kadi ya pulasitiki). Osagwiritsa ntchito tweezers - kufinya mbola kumatulutsa ululu wambiri.
4. Ngati munthuyo ali ndi mankhwala obwera mwadzidzidzi (Epinephrine), perekani koyambirira koyankha. Musayembekezere kuti muwone ngati zomwe akuchitazo zikuipiraipira. Pewani mankhwala akumwa ngati munthuyo akuvutika kupuma.
5. Chitani zinthu zotetezera mantha. Muuzeni munthuyo kuti agone pansi, kwezani mapazi ake pafupifupi masentimita 30, ndikuphimba ndi malaya kapena bulangeti. Osayika munthuyo pamalopo ngati akumuganizira mutu, khosi, msana, kapena mwendo kapena ngati zikuyambitsa mavuto.

Ngati munthu akukumana ndi zovuta:

• Musaganize kuti kuwomberana ndi ziwopsezo zomwe munthu walandira kale kumapereka chitetezo chathunthu.
• Osayika pilo pansi pamutu wa munthu ngati akuvutika kupuma. Izi zitha kuletsa mayendedwe apandege.
• Osamupatsa munthu chilichonse pakamwa ngati akuvutika kupuma.

Imbani chithandizo chamankhwala (911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko) nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• Munthuyo akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu. Musayembekezere kuti muwone ngati zomwe akuchita zikuipiraipira.
• Munthuyo ali ndi mbiri yazovuta zina (onani chiphaso cha mankhwala).

Kupewa thupi lawo siligwirizana:

• Pewani zoyambitsa monga zakudya ndi mankhwala omwe adayambitsa zovuta m'mbuyomu. Funsani mafunso atsatanetsatane pazakusakaniza mukamadya kunyumba.Onetsetsani mosamala zolemba zosakaniza.
• Ngati muli ndi mwana amene sagwirizana ndi zakudya zina, yambitsani chakudya chimodzi chaching'ono panthawi yaying'ono kuti muzindikire zomwe sizingachitike.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losavomerezeka ayenera kuvala chiphaso chachipatala ndikunyamula mankhwala azadzidzidzi, monga chew chew chew chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), ndi jakisoni wa epinephrine kapena chida choluma njuchi, malinga ndi malangizo a omwe amakupatsani.
• Musagwiritse ntchito jakisoni wa epinephrine kwa wina aliyense. Atha kukhala ndi vuto, monga vuto la mtima, lomwe lingathe kukulitsidwa ndi mankhwalawa.

Anaphylaxis; Anaphylaxis - thandizo loyamba

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana
• Dermatographism - kutseka
• Dermatographism padzanja
• Ming'oma (urticaria) padzanja
• Ming'oma (urticaria) pachifuwa
• Ming'oma (urticaria) - kutseka
• Ming'oma (urticaria) pa thunthu
• Dermatographism kumbuyo
• Dermatographism - mkono
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana

Auerbach PS. Matupi awo sagwirizana. Mu: Auerbach PS, Mkonzi. Mankhwala Akunja. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: 64-65.

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Matupi, hypersensitivity, ndi anaphylaxis. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 109.

Custovic A, Tovey E. Allergen kuwongolera kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda opatsirana. Mu: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, olemba. Ziwombankhanga za Middleton: Mfundo ndi Zochita. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 84.

(Adasankhidwa) Lieberman P, Nicklas RA, Randolph C, et al. Anaphylaxis - kusintha kwa parameter 2015. Ann Matenda a Phumu Immunol. 2015; 115 (5): 341-384. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 26505932 adasankhidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505932/.