Chiwindi B

Hepatitis B ndiyokwiyitsa komanso kutupa (kutupa) kwa chiwindi chifukwa chotenga kachilombo ka hepatitis B (HBV).

Mitundu ina ya matenda a chiwindi ndi monga hepatitis A, hepatitis C, ndi hepatitis D.

Mutha kutenga matenda a chiwindi cha B kudzera mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi kapena madzi amthupi (umuna, madzimadzi, ndi malovu) a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Chiwonetsero chikhoza kuchitika:

• Pambuyo povulaza singano kapena kuvulala
• Ngati magazi kapena madzi amthupi amakhudza khungu lanu, maso kapena pakamwa, kapena zilonda zotseguka

Anthu omwe atha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a chiwindi a B ndi omwe:

• Kugonana mosadziteteza ndi wokondedwa
• Landirani magazi (omwe siofala ku United States)
• Lumikizanani ndi magazi pantchito (monga othandizira azaumoyo)
• Ndakhala pa dialysis ya impso yayitali
• Pezani mphini kapena mphini ndi masingano osayera
• Gawani singano mukamamwa mankhwala
• Gawani zinthu zanu (monga mswachi, lezala, ndi zokhomerera msomali) ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka
• Anabadwira kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda a hepatitis-B

Magazi onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poika magazi amawunika, ndiye mwayi woti atenge kachilombo m'njira imeneyi ndi wocheperako.

Mukayamba kutenga HBV:

• Simungakhale ndi zisonyezo.
• Mutha kumva kudwala kwamasiku kapena milungu.
• Mutha kudwala mwachangu kwambiri (wotchedwa hepmin fulminant hepatitis).

Zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B sangawonekere kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera nthawi yakutengera. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimaphatikizapo:

• Kulakalaka kudya
• Kutopa
• Malungo ochepa
• Minofu ndi zolumikizana
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Khungu lachikaso ndi mkodzo wakuda

Zizindikiro zimatha patatha milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ngati thupi lanu likutha kulimbana ndi matendawa. Anthu ena samachotsa HBV. Izi zimatchedwa kuti hepatitis B.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi osatha sangakhale ndi zizindikilo ndipo sangadziwe kuti ali ndi kachilomboka. Popita nthawi, amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi matenda ena a chiwindi.

Mutha kufalitsa HBV kwa anthu ena, ngakhale mulibe zizindikiro.

Kuyezetsa magazi kambiri kotchedwa hepatitis virus panel kumachitika chifukwa chokayikira matenda a chiwindi. Itha kuthandiza kuzindikira:

• Matenda atsopano
• Matenda achikulire omwe akugwirabe ntchito
• Matenda achikulire omwe sakugwiranso ntchito

Mayesero otsatirawa amachitika kuti awononge chiwindi ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi a B:

• Mulingo wa Albumin
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin

Muyesetsanso kuyeza kuyeza kuchuluka kwa HBV m'magazi anu (kuchuluka kwa ma virus). Izi zimapangitsa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kudziwa momwe mankhwala anu akugwirira ntchito.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi ayenera kuwunikidwa poyesa magazi. Izi zitha kukhala zofunikira ngakhale atakhala kuti alibe zizindikiro. Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo chowonjezeka ndi izi:

• Zowopsa zomwe tafotokozazi pamwambapa mu Zoyambitsa gawo.
• Anthu ochokera kumayiko omwe anthu ambiri ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B. Mayikowa kapena maderawa akuphatikizapo Japan, mayiko ena a Mediterranean, madera ena a Asia ndi Middle East, West Africa ndi South Sudan.

Chiwindi chachikulu, pokhapokha ngati chikuwonongeka, sichifunika chithandizo. Chiwindi ndi ntchito zina zathupi zimawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa magazi. Muyenera kugona mokwanira, kumwa madzi ambiri, ndi kudya zakudya zabwino.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi osachiritsika amatha kulandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsa chiwindi cha B m'magazi. Imodzi mwa mankhwala ndi jakisoni wotchedwa interferon. Amathandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mimba ndi khansa ya chiwindi.

Sizidziwikiratu kuti ndi anthu ati omwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a mtundu wa B omwe ayenera kulandira mankhwala ndi nthawi yoyenera kuyambitsa. Mutha kulandira mankhwalawa ngati:

• Chiwindi chanu chikuchulukirachulukira.
• Mumakhala ndi zizindikilo za kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kwanthawi yayitali.
• Muli ndi HBV yambiri m'magazi anu.
• Muli ndi pakati.

Kuti mankhwalawa agwire bwino ntchito, muyenera kuwamwa monga momwe woperekayo walangizira. Funsani zovuta zomwe mungayembekezere komanso zomwe mungachite ngati muli nazo. Sikuti aliyense amene amafunika kumwa mankhwalawa amayankha bwino.

Ngati mukuyamba kulephera kwa chiwindi, mutha kuganiziridwa kuti mungayike chiwindi. Kuika chiwindi ndiye njira yokhayo yothanirana ndi chiwindi nthawi zina.

Zina zomwe mungachite:

• Pewani mowa.
• Funsani kwa omwe akukuthandizani musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse owonjezera kapena owonjezera azitsamba. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala monga acetaminophen, aspirin, kapena ibuprofen.

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi, kapena chiwindi, kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi hepatitis B.

Anthu ena amapindula ndikupezeka pagulu lothandizira matenda a chiwindi.

Matenda oopsawa amatha pambuyo pa milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Chiwindi chimakonda kubwerera mwakale mkati mwa miyezi 4 mpaka 6 mwa anthu ambiri.

Pafupifupi ana onse obadwa kumene komanso pafupifupi theka la ana omwe amadwala matenda otupa chiwindi a mtundu wa B amakhala ndi matendawa. Ndi achikulire ochepa omwe amatenga kachilomboka amakhala ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a mtundu wa B.

Pali chiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya chiwindi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a B.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi zizindikilo za hepatitis B.
• Zizindikiro za Hepatitis B sizitha m'masabata awiri kapena atatu, kapena zizindikilo zatsopano zimayamba.
• Muli m'gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi a B ndipo simunalandire katemera wa HBV.

Ana ndi anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotupa chiwindi cha B ayenera kulandira katemera wa hepatitis B.

• Ana ayenera kulandira katemera woyamba wa hepatitis B pakubadwa. Ayenera kukhala ndi zipolopolo zitatu pamndandanda wazaka 6 mpaka 18.
• Ana ochepera zaka 19 omwe sanalandire katemerayu amayenera kulandira mankhwalawa.
• Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo komanso omwe amakhala ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi a B ayenera kulandira katemerayu.
• Makanda obadwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi cha B kapena omwe adakhalapo ndi matendawa m'mbuyomu ayenera kulandira katemera wapadera wa hepatitis B pasanathe maola 12 atabadwa.

Katemera wa hepatitis B kapena kuwombera kwa hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) kungakuthandizeni kupewa matenda mukalandira pakadutsa maola 24 mutakumana ndi kachilomboka.

Njira zopewera kukhudzana ndi magazi ndi madzi amthupi zitha kuthandiza kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda a chiwindi a B kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu.

• Vuto la hepatitis B
• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Chiwindi B

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