Gumma

Chiphuphu ndi kukula kofewa, kokhala ngati chotupa cha minofu (granuloma) yomwe imapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chindoko.

Chotupa chimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa chindoko. Amawonekera panthawi ya chindoko. Nthawi zambiri mumakhala minofu yambiri yakufa komanso yotupa. Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'chiwindi. Zitha kuchitika mu:

• Fupa
• Ubongo
• Mtima
• Khungu
• Testis
• Maso

Zilonda zowoneka chimodzimodzi nthawi zina zimachitika ndi chifuwa chachikulu.

• Ziwalo zoberekera za abambo ndi amai

Ghanem KG, Hook EW. Chindoko. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 303.

Radolf JD, Tramont EC, Salazar JC. Chindoko (Treponema pallidum). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 237.

Stary Georg, Stary A. Matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mu: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, olemba. Matenda Opatsirana, Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 82.

Ntchito Yogwirira Ntchito KA, Bolan GA; Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda. Malangizo opatsirana pogonana, 2015. Malangizo a MMWR Rep. 2015; 64 (RR-03): 1-137. PMID: 26042815 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042815. (Adasankhidwa)