Kutupa Chibayo: Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa, ndi Chithandizo

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro za chibayo ndi zotani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa chibayo cha aspiration?
• Ndani ali pachiopsezo chotenga chibayo?
• Kodi chifuwa cha chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi chifuwa cha chibayo chimachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Kodi matenda a chibayo angapewe bwanji?
• Malangizo popewa
  
• Kodi tingayembekezere chiyani pakapita nthawi?
• Tengera kwina

Kodi chibayo ndi chiyani?

Chibayo chotulutsa chibayo ndimavuto am'mapapo. Cholinga cha m'mapapo ndi pamene mumapuma chakudya, asidi m'mimba, kapena malovu m'mapapu anu. Muthanso kulakalaka chakudya chomwe chimabwerera kuchokera m'mimba mwanu kupita kummero.

Zinthu zonsezi zitha kunyamula mabakiteriya omwe amakhudza mapapu anu. Mapapu athanzi amatha kutuluka okha. Ngati satero, chibayo chimatha kukhala vuto.

Kodi zizindikiro za chibayo ndi zotani?

Wina yemwe ali ndi chibayo chotupa chibwibwi atha kuwonetsa zizindikiro za ukhondo wosasamba m'kamwa ndi kutsuka pakhosi kapena kutsokomola konyowa atadya. Zizindikiro zina za matendawa ndi monga:

• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kupuma movutikira
• kupuma
• kutopa
• kutulutsa kwa buluu pakhungu
• chifuwa, mwina ndi sputum wobiriwira, magazi, kapena fungo lonunkha
• zovuta kumeza
• kununkha m'kamwa
• thukuta kwambiri

Aliyense amene akuwonetsa izi ayenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala. Adziwitseni ngati mwapuma chakudya kapena zakumwa zilizonse posachedwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ana ochepera zaka 2 kapena achikulire azaka zopitilira 65 alandire chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Osazengereza kupita kwa dokotala ngati mukutsokomola sputum wachikuda kapena muli ndi malungo osapitilira 102 ° F (38 ° C) kuphatikiza pazizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa chibayo cha aspiration?

Chibayo kuchokera ku aspiration chitha kuchitika ngati chitetezo chanu chasokonekera ndipo zomwe zili mkati mwake zili ndi mabakiteriya ambiri owopsa.

Mutha kukhala ndi chibayo ndikudwala chibayo ngati chakudya kapena chakumwa chanu "chitaipa molakwika." Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngakhale mutatha kumeza bwinobwino ndikukhala ndi gag reflex. Zikatero, nthawi zambiri mutha kupewa izi mwakutsokomola. Omwe ali ndi vuto la chifuwa, komabe sangakwanitse. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• matenda amitsempha
• Khansa yapakhosi
• matenda monga myasthenia gravis kapena matenda a Parkinson
• kumwa kwambiri mowa kapena mankhwala kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha ululu kapena ochititsa dzanzi
• chitetezo chofooka
• matenda am'mimba
• mavuto amano omwe amasokoneza kutafuna kapena kumeza

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chotenga chibayo?

Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa chibayo zimaphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi:

• kuphwanya chikumbumtima
• matenda am'mapapo
• kulanda
• sitiroko
• mavuto mano
• matenda amisala
• kumeza kukanika
• kusokonekera kwamalingaliro
• matenda ena amitsempha
• mankhwala a radiation kumutu ndi m'khosi
• kutentha pa chifuwa (gastroesophageal reflux)
• matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD)

Kodi chifuwa cha chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu amayang'ana zizindikilo za chibayo panthawi yoyezetsa thupi, monga kuchepa kwa mpweya, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu, komanso phokoso m'mapapu anu. Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyesa mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire chibayo.Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• X-ray pachifuwa
• chikhalidwe cha sputum
• kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC)
• magazi ochepa
• bronchoscopy
• computed tomography (CT) yojambula pachifuwa chanu
• chikhalidwe cha magazi

Chifukwa chibayo ndi vuto lalikulu, chimafunikira chithandizo. Muyenera kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyesedwa mkati mwa maola 24. Chikhalidwe chamagazi ndi sputum chimatenga masiku atatu kapena asanu.

Kodi chifuwa cha chibayo chimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chimadalira kukula kwa chibayo chanu. Zotsatira ndi nthawi yayitali yamankhwala zimadalira thanzi lanu lonse, zomwe zidalipo kale, ndi mfundo zachipatala. Kuchiza chibayo chachikulu kungafune kuchipatala. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto kumeza angafunikire kusiya kudya pakamwa.

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo a matenda anu. Zinthu zomwe dokotala angafunse asanakupatseni maantibayotiki:

• Kodi mudagonekedwa posachedwa?
• Kodi thanzi lanu lonse ndi lotani?
• Kodi mwagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki posachedwa?
• Mumakhala kuti?

Onetsetsani kuti mumamwa maantibayotiki kutalika konse kwa nthawi yamankhwala. Nthawi imeneyi imatha kusiyanasiyana mpaka sabata limodzi.

Mwinanso mungafunike chisamaliro chothandizira ngati chifuwa cha chibayo chimayambitsa mavuto opuma. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo oxygen, steroids, kapena thandizo kuchokera kumakina opumira. Kutengera chifukwa chakulakalaka kwakanthawi, mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuchitidwa opareshoni ya chubu chodyetsera ngati mukumeza mavuto omwe samayankha chithandizo.

Kodi matenda a chibayo angapewe bwanji?

Malangizo popewa

• Pewani makhalidwe omwe angayambitse chilakolako, monga kumwa mowa kwambiri.
• Samalani mukamamwa mankhwala omwe angakupangitseni kuti musowe.
• Landirani mano oyenera pafupipafupi.

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyesa kwa kumeza ndi munthu wololedwa kulankhula kapena wodziwa kumeza. Amatha kugwira nanu ntchito pameza njira ndi kulimbitsa minofu ya mmero. Mwinanso mungafunike kusintha zakudya zanu.

Kuopsa kwa opaleshoni: Tsatirani malamulo a dokotala anu za kusala kudya kuti muchepetse mwayi wosanza pansi pa dzanzi.

Kodi tingayembekezere chiyani pakapita nthawi?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chibayo cha aspiration amakhalanso ndi matenda ena omwe amakhudza kumeza. Izi zitha kuchititsa kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali yochira. Maganizo anu amatengera:

• kuchuluka kwa mapapu anu kwakhudzidwa
• kuuma kwa chibayo
• mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matendawa
• Matenda aliwonse omwe angawononge chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kapena kutha kumeza

Chibayo chimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ataliatali ngati chotupa cham'mapapo kapena mabala okhazikika. Anthu ena amakhala ndi vuto lolephera kupuma, lomwe limatha kupha.

Chibayo chotulutsa chibayo mwa anthu omwe agonekedwa mchipatala ndi chibayo chopezeka mdera ngati sali mgulu la anthu odwala mwakayakaya (ICU).

Tengera kwina

Chibayo chotulutsa chibayo ndimatenda am'mapapo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kupumira mkamwa kapena m'mimba. Itha kukhala yayikulu ngati singachiritsidwe. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo maantibayotiki ndi chisamaliro chothandizira kupuma.

Maganizo anu amatengera thanzi lanu musanachitike, mtundu wazinthu zakunja zomwe zikufunidwa m'mapapu anu, ndi zina zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Anthu ambiri (79 peresenti) adzapulumuka chifuwa cha chibayo. Mwa 21% ya anthu omwe sadzapulumuka, kufa nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zidalipo zomwe zidawapangitsa kuti asankhe kukhala ndi DNR (osatsitsimutsanso) kapena DNI (musati intubate) chikalata.

Lumikizanani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo mukawona zizindikiro zilizonse za chibayo, makamaka kwa wachikulire kapena wakhanda. Kuti mupeze chibayo chotupa chibayo, adokotala amalamula kuti ayesedwe kuti awone thanzi lamapapu komanso kuthekera kumeza.