Matenda a Bipolar

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi bipolar disorder ndi chiyani?
• Kodi mitundu ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi iti?
• Kodi chimayambitsa vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda osokoneza bongo?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi ziti?
• Kodi matenda a bipolar amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi mankhwala a matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi otani?

Chidule

Kodi bipolar disorder ndi chiyani?

Bipolar disorder ndi matenda amisala omwe angayambitse kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe:

• Nthawi zina mungamve ngati "okwera," okondwa, osakwiya, kapena olimbikitsidwa. Izi zimatchedwa a gawo lanyengo.
• Nthawi zina mungamve "okhumudwa," okhumudwa, osayanjanitsika, kapena opanda chiyembekezo. Izi zimatchedwa a nkhani yachisoni.
• Mutha kukhala ndi zisonyezo zamanjenje komanso zokhumudwitsa limodzi. Izi zimatchedwa a gawo losakanikirana.

Pamodzi ndi kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro, kusinthasintha kwa maganizo kumapangitsa kusintha kwamachitidwe, mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Matenda a bipolar amatchedwa mayina ena, kuphatikizapo kukhumudwa kwa manic komanso matenda a manic-depression.

Kodi mitundu ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamatenda osokoneza bongo:

• Matenda a Bipolar I Zimakhudza zochitika za manic zomwe zimatha masiku osachepera 7 kapena zizindikiritso za manic zowopsa kotero kuti mumafunikira chisamaliro mwachipatala. Nkhani zodetsa nkhawa ndizofala. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha milungu iwiri. Matenda amtunduwu amathanso kuphatikizira magawo osiyanasiyana.
• Matenda a Bipolar II imakhudza magawo okhumudwitsa. Koma mmalo mwa magawo owoneka bwino achimuna, pali zigawo za hypomania. Hypomania ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa mania.
• Matenda a cyclothymic, kapena cyclothymia, imaphatikizaponso zizindikiro za hypomanic ndi kukhumudwa. Koma sizowopsa kapena zokhalitsa ngati magawo okometsera kapena kukhumudwa. Zizindikirozo zimatha kukhala osachepera zaka ziwiri akuluakulu komanso chaka chimodzi mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Ndi iliyonse yamtunduwu, kukhala ndimagulu anayi kapena kupitilira apo okhumudwa kapena kukhumudwa mchaka chimodzi amatchedwa "kupalasa njinga mwachangu."

Kodi chimayambitsa vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika?

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika sizikudziwika. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Amaphatikizapo ma genetics, kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi magwiridwe antchito, ndi malo okhala.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda osokoneza bongo?

Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a maganizo ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ngati muli ndi wachibale amene ali nawo. Kupyola pamavuto kapena zovuta pamoyo kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo ichi.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika zimasiyana. Koma zimakhudza kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe otchedwa magawo azosangalatsa:

• Zizindikiro za gawo lanyengo zingaphatikizepo
  • Kumva mokweza, kukwera, kapena kukondwa
  • Kumva kulumpha kapena waya, wogwira ntchito kwambiri kuposa masiku onse
  • Kukhala wamtima wapachala kwambiri kapena wooneka ngati wakwiya kwambiri
  • Kukhala ndi malingaliro othamanga ndikuyankhula mwachangu kwambiri
  • Kusowa kugona pang'ono
  • Kumverera ngati kuti ndiwe wofunikira modabwitsa, waluso, kapena wamphamvu
  • Chitani zinthu zowopsa zomwe zimawonetsa kusaganiza bwino, monga kudya ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso, kuwononga ndalama kapena kupereka ndalama zambiri, kapena kugonana mosasamala
• Zizindikiro za nkhani yachisoni zingaphatikizepo
  • Kudzimva wokhumudwa kwambiri, wopanda chiyembekezo, kapena wopanda pake
  • Kusungulumwa kapena kudzipatula kwa ena
  • Kuyankhula pang'onopang'ono, kumangokhala ngati mulibe choti munganene, kapena kuyiwala zambiri
  • Kukhala ndi mphamvu zochepa
  • Kugona mopitirira muyeso
  • Kudya kwambiri kapena moperewera
  • Kusakhala ndi chidwi ndi zochitika zanu zachizolowezi komanso kulephera kuchita zinthu zazing'ono
  • Kuganizira zakufa kapena kudzipha
• Zizindikiro za gawo losakanikirana onjezerani zisonyezo zamanic komanso zachisoni pamodzi. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhala achisoni kwambiri, osowa kanthu, kapena osataya chiyembekezo, pomwe nthawi yomweyo mumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika amakhala ndi zizindikilo zowopsa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhala ndi hypomania m'malo mwa mania. Ndi hypomania, mutha kumva bwino kwambiri ndikupeza kuti mutha kuchita zambiri. Simungamve ngati chilichonse chalakwika. Koma achibale anu komanso anzanu amatha kuwona kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe anu komanso kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito. Angadziwe kuti khalidwe lanu ndi lachilendo kwa inu. Pambuyo pa hypomania, mutha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu.

Magawo anu azisangalalo amatha sabata kapena awiri kapena nthawi zina kupitilira apo.Panthawi inayake, zizindikilo zimapezeka tsiku lililonse tsiku lonse.

Kodi matenda a bipolar amapezeka bwanji?

Kuti mupeze matenda a bipolar, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zambiri:

• Kuyezetsa thupi
• Mbiri yazachipatala, yomwe ikuphatikizira kufunsa za zidziwitso zanu, mbiri ya moyo wanu, zokumana nazo, komanso mbiri ya banja
• Kuyesedwa kwamankhwala kuti athetse zina
• Kuwunika kwaumoyo wamaganizidwe. Wopezayo akhoza kukuwunikirani kapena atha kukutumizirani kwa akatswiri azaumoyo kuti mupeze.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi otani?

Chithandizo chitha kuthandiza anthu ambiri, kuphatikiza omwe ali ndi matenda amisala oopsa kwambiri. Njira zochizira matenda a bipolar zimaphatikizapo mankhwala, psychotherapy, kapena onse:

• Mankhwala Angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikilo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Mungafunike kuyesa mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti mupeze omwe akugwiritsireni ntchito bwino. Anthu ena amafunika kumwa mankhwala angapo. Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala anu mosasinthasintha. Osasiya kuzitenga osalankhula kaye ndi omwe amakupatsani. Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati muli ndi nkhawa zamankhwalawa.
• Kuchiza matenda (talk therapy) itha kukuthandizani kuzindikira ndikusintha malingaliro, malingaliro, ndi machitidwe. Ikhoza kukupatsani inu ndi banja lanu thandizo, maphunziro, luso, ndi njira zothetsera mavuto. Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala amisala yomwe ingathandize pamavuto amisala.
• Njira zina zamankhwala onjezerani
  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), njira yolimbikitsira ubongo yomwe ingathandize kuthetsa zizindikilo. ECT imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamavuto ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika omwe sakupeza bwino ndi mankhwala ena. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati wina akufuna chithandizo chomwe chidzagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri kuposa mankhwala. Izi zikhoza kukhala pamene munthu ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chodzipha kapena ali ndi catatonic (osamvera).
  • Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumatha kuthandizira kukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa, komanso kugona tulo
  • Kusunga tchati cha moyo kumatha kukuthandizani inu ndi omwe akukuthandizani kuti muwone komanso kuthana ndi vuto lanu losinthasintha zochitika. Tchati cha moyo ndi mbiri yazizindikiro zanu zamasiku onse, chithandizo, magonedwe, komanso zochitika m'moyo.

Matenda a bipolar ndimatenda amoyo wonse. Koma chithandizo chanthawi yayitali, chitha kuthandizira kuthana ndi zizindikilo zanu ndikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi, wopambana.

NIH: National Institute of Mental Health

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