Zizindikiro 10 za Matenda a Shuga Azimayi Ayenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Type 1 Zizindikiro Za Shuga
• Kuchepetsa Kuwonongeka Kwakukulu
• Kutopa Kwambiri
• Nthawi Zosasintha
• Nthawi Yoyenera Kuonana ndi Dotolo
• Pamene Zizindikiro Za Shuga Zingatanthauzenso Zina
• Type 2 Zizindikiro Za Shuga
• Palibe Zizindikiro
• Ma PC
• Zizindikiro za Matenda a shuga
• Mwana Wamkulu-Woposa Wachibadwa
• Kulemera Kwambiri Kwambiri
• Zizindikiro zisanachitike za matenda ashuga
• Kutulutsa Magazi Okwezeka
• Onaninso za

Anthu opitilira 100 miliyoni aku America akukhala ndi matenda ashuga kapena prediabetes, malinga ndi lipoti la 2017 lochokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chiŵerengero chimenecho n’chochititsa mantha—ndipo ngakhale kuti pali chidziŵitso chochuluka chokhudza thanzi ndi kadyedwe kake, chiŵerengerocho chikukwera. (Zokhudzana: Kodi zakudya za keto zingathandize ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri?)

Pano pali chinthu china chowopsya: Ngakhale mutaganiza kuti mukuchita zonse bwino-kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi-pali zinthu zina (monga mbiri ya banja lanu) zomwe zingakupatseninso pachiwopsezo cha mitundu ina ya matenda ashuga.

Umu ndi momwe mungadziwire zizindikiro za matenda a shuga mwa amayi, kuphatikiza zizindikiro za mtundu 1, mtundu wachiwiri, ndi matenda a shuga a gestational, komanso zizindikiro za prediabetes.

Type 1 Zizindikiro Za Shuga

Matenda a shuga amtundu wa 1 amayamba chifukwa chodziteteza m'matenda omwe ma antibodies amawononga maselo a beta a kapamba, atero a Marilyn Tan, MD, katswiri wazamaphunziro ku Stanford Health Care yemwe ali ndi magulu awiri ovomerezeka mu endocrinology ndi mankhwala amkati. Chifukwa cha kuukira kumeneku, kapamba ako sangathe kupanga insulini yokwanira mthupi lanu. (FYI, ichi ndi chifukwa chake insulini ndiyofunikira: Ndi mahomoni omwe amayendetsa shuga kuchokera m'magazi anu kulowa m'maselo anu kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti zigwire ntchito zofunika kwambiri.)

Kuchepetsa Kuwonongeka Kwakukulu

Dr. Tan anati: "Izi [kapamba] zikachitika, zizindikilo zimayamba bwino, patangopita masiku ochepa kapena milungu ingapo," anatero Dr. "Anthu amaonda kwambiri - nthawi zina mapaundi 10 kapena 20 - pamodzi ndi ludzu lowonjezereka ndi kukodza, ndipo nthawi zina nseru."

Kuonda mwangozi chifukwa cha shuga wambiri m'magazi. Impso zikalephera kuyamwanso shuga wowonjezera, ndipamene dzina la matenda a shuga, matenda a shuga, limabwera. "Ndi shuga mumkodzo," akutero Dr. Tan. Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, mkodzo wanu ukhoza kununkhiza mokoma, akuwonjezera.

Kutopa Kwambiri

Chizindikiro china cha mtundu woyamba wa shuga ndikutopa kwambiri, ndipo anthu ena amasowa masomphenya, atero a Ruchi Bhabhra, MD, Ph.D., katswiri wazamaphunziro ku UC Health komanso wothandizira pulofesa wa endocrinology ku University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.

Nthawi Zosasintha

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga mwa amayi a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana mwa amuna. Komabe, azimayi ali ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chomwe amuna alibe, ndipo ndicho chidziwitso cha thanzi lanu lonse: msambo. "Amayi ena amasamba pafupipafupi ngakhale akadwala, koma kwa azimayi ambiri, kusamba nthawi ndi chizindikiro choti china chake sichili bwino," akutero Dr. Tan. (Nayi mayi wina wa rock yemwe amathamanga makilomita 100 ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba.)

Nthawi Yoyenera Kuonana ndi Dotolo

Ngati mukumana ndi zizindikiro zimenezi mwadzidzidzi—makamaka kuonda mwangozi ndi ludzu lowonjezereka ndi kukodza (tikulankhula kudzuka kasanu kapena kasanu ndi kamodzi usiku kuti ndikodzere)—muyenera kuyezetsa shuga wanu wamwazi, akutero Dr. Bhabhra. Dokotala wanu amatha kuyesa magazi kosavuta kapena kuyesa mkodzo kuti muyese shuga wanu wamagazi.

Komanso, ngati muli ndi zoopsa zilizonse m'banja lanu, monga wachibale wapafupi ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, iyeneranso kukweza mbendera yofiira kuti mufike kwa dokotala wanu ASAP. Dr. Bhabhra akutero Dr.

Pamene Zizindikiro Za Shuga Zingatanthauzenso Zina

Izi zati, nthawi zina zisonyezo zakumva ludzu pang'ono komanso kukodza zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi chinthu china, monga mankhwala a magazi kapena ma diuretics ena. Palinso matenda ena (osazolowereka) otchedwa matenda a shuga insipidus, omwe si matenda a shuga ayi koma matenda am'magazi, atero Dr. Bhabhra. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa hormone yotchedwa ADH yomwe imathandiza kuwongolera impso zanu, zomwe zingayambitsenso ludzu ndi kukodza, komanso kutopa chifukwa cha kutaya madzi m'thupi.

Type 2 Zizindikiro Za Shuga

Matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri akuchulukirachulukira kwa aliyense, ngakhale ana ndi atsikana, akutero Dr. Tan. Mtundu uwu tsopano umakhala ndi 90 mpaka 95 peresenti ya onse omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga.

"M'mbuyomu, tinkakumana ndi mtsikana wazaka zaunyamata ndikuganiza kuti anali mtundu woyamba," akutero Dr.Tan, "koma chifukwa cha mliri wa kunenepa kwambiri, tikupeza atsikana ochulukirachulukira omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga achiwiri." Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa zakudya zosinthidwa komanso kukhala ndi moyo wongokhala chifukwa cha izi. (FYI: Ola lililonse la TV lomwe mumawonera limakulitsa ngozi.)

Palibe Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndizovuta pang'ono kuposa mtundu woyamba. Pamene munthu apezeka ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, amakhala atadwala kwa nthawi yayitali - tikulankhula zaka zambiri - akutero Dr. Tan. Ndipo nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zopanda tanthauzo kumayambiliro ake.

Mosiyana ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 amatha kupanga insulini yokwanira, koma amakumana ndi vuto la insulin. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi lawo silimayankha insulini komanso momwe amafunira, chifukwa chonenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, kukhala moyo wongokhala kapena kumwa mankhwala ena, atero Dr. Tan.

Genetics imagwiranso ntchito kwambiri pano, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 m'banja lawo ali pachiopsezo chachikulu. Ngakhale kuti mtundu wachiwiri umagwirizana kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri, sikuti muyenera kukhala onenepa kwambiri kuti mukhale kunenepa kwambiri, akutero Dr. Tan: Mwachitsanzo, anthu ochokera ku Asia amakhala ndi BMI yotsika ndi 23 24.9). "Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale atakhala ochepa thupi, chiopsezo chawo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda ena amadzimadzi ndi apamwamba," akutero.

Ma PC

Amayi amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo china kuposa amuna: polycystic ovarian syndrome, kapena PCOS. Azimayi okwana 6 miliyoni ku US ali ndi PCOS, ndipo kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti kukhala ndi PCOS kumakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2. Chinthu chinanso chomwe chimakuyikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi mbiri ya matenda a shuga a gestational (zambiri zomwe zili pansipa).

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga amapezeka mwangozi kudzera pakuwunika zaumoyo kapena mayeso apachaka. Komabe, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro zofananira za mtundu woyamba ndi mtundu wachiwiri, ngakhale zimabwera pang'onopang'ono, atero Dr. Bhabhra.

Zizindikiro za Matenda a shuga

Mpaka 10 peresenti ya amayi onse oyembekezera amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a shuga, malinga ndi CDC. Ngakhale zimakhudzanso thupi lanu chimodzimodzi ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda chizindikiro, atero Dr. Tan. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma ob-gyns amayesa kulekerera kwa glucose nthawi zonse pamagawo ena kuti ayese ngati ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Mwana Wamkulu-Woposa Wachibadwa

Kusintha kwa mahormonal panthawi yonse yoyembekezera kumatha kuwonjezera kukana kwa insulin, komwe kumabweretsa matenda ashuga. Kuyeza kwa khanda kokulirapo kuposa nthawi zonse kumakhala chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga a pa gestational, akutero Dr. Tan.

Ngakhale kuti matenda ashuga omwe ali pachiberekero sakhala ovulaza kwa mwanayo (ngakhale kuti wakhanda akhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin atangobereka, zotsatira zake ndizosakhalitsa, akutero Dr. 2 pambuyo pake, malinga ndi CDC.

Kulemera Kwambiri Kwambiri

Dr. Tan ananenanso kuti kunenepa kwambiri panthawi yapakati kumatha kukhala chizindikiro china. Muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati kuti mutsimikizire kuti kulemera kwanu kuli pakati pa thanzi labwino.

Zizindikiro zisanachitike za matenda ashuga

Kukhala ndi matenda ashuga kumangotanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu ndikokwera kuposa kwachibadwa. Nthawi zambiri sichikhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, atero Dr. Tan, koma amapezeka kudzera m'mayeso amwazi. "Zowonadi, ndizomwe zimawonetsa kuti uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda amtundu wa 2," akutero.

Kutulutsa Magazi Okwezeka

Madokotala amayeza shuga wanu wamagazi kuti adziwe ngati milingo yanu yakwera, akutero Dr. Bhabhra. Nthawi zambiri amachita izi kudzera mu mayeso a glycated hemoglobin (kapena A1C), omwe amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi olumikizidwa ku hemoglobin, puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya m'maselo ofiira a magazi; kapena kudzera mu kuyezetsa shuga m'magazi osala kudya, komwe amatengedwa pambuyo posala kudya usiku wonse. Kwa omalizirawa, chilichonse pansi pa 100 mg / DL ndichabwinobwino; 100 mpaka 126 imawonetsa matenda ashuga asanachitike; ndipo chilichonse chopitilira 126 chimatanthauza kuti uli ndi matenda ashuga.

Kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri; kukhala moyo wongokhala; komanso kudya zakudya zoyengedwa kwambiri, zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri kapena zokhala ndi shuga wambiri zitha kukhala zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga. Komabe pali zinthu zina zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira. "Tikuwona odwala ambiri omwe amayesetsa kwambiri, koma sangathe kusintha chibadwa," akutero Dr. Tan. "Pali zinthu zomwe mungasinthe ndipo zina simungathe, koma yesani kukulitsa moyo wanu kuti mupewe matenda amtundu wa 2."

Onaninso za