Zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwam'mimba ndi choti muchite

Zamkati

• 1. Matenda a reflux am'mimba
• 2. Kutuluka m'mimba
• 3. Kuphipha kwamitsempha
• 4. Khansa yotupa ndi khosi
• 5. Achalasia
• 6. Zosiyanasiyana
• 7. Zilonda mummero

Pali matenda omwe amatha kuvulaza komanso kukhudza kapangidwe ka kholingo, chiwalo chomwe chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yonyamula chakudya ndi zakumwa pakati pakamwa ndi m'mimba, ndipo zina mwazikuluzikulu ndi monga m'mimba reflux, esophagitis, chotupa, spasms, matenda, kuvulala, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zoyambitsidwa ndi matendawa ndikumva kupweteka pachifuwa, kutentha pa chifuwa, Reflux, kuvuta kumeza kapena kumverera kwa bolus m'khosi. Nthawi zambiri, kupweteka kumakhala kwakukulu komanso kosokonezeka ndimatenda am'mapapo, m'mapapo kapena am'mimba, motero nthawi zonse kumakhala koyenera kukayezetsa kuchipatala kuti apange mayeso monga m'mimba endoscopy, manometry, ultrasound kapena radiography mosiyana ndi dera, lomwe limazindikira kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka ziwalo ndikuwononga zifukwa zina. Mvetsetsani zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka pachifuwa.

1. Matenda a reflux am'mimba

Matenda a reflux a Gastroesophageal, omwe amadziwikanso kuti GERD, amayamba chifukwa cha Reflux wa m'mimba m'mimba, zomwe siziyenera kuchitika, popeza minofu ya chiwalo ichi sinakonzekere kulandira acidity yambiri.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro zazikulu za gastroesophageal Reflux zikuyaka pachifuwa, kutentha pa chifuwa, kulawa kowawa mkamwa, kutsokomola usiku, laryngitis yabwinobwino, ndipo pakavuta kwambiri, pakhoza kukhala kupweteka pachifuwa, kupweteka kumeza (odynophagia) ndi zovuta kumeza (dysphagia)).

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachepetsa acidity ya madzi am'mimba kumalimbikitsidwa, monga Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole kapena Ranitidine, mwachitsanzo, ndikofunikanso kusintha zizolowezi, monga kupewa zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa Reflux, monga yokazinga zakudya, mafuta, timbewu tonunkhira, tsabola, ma khofi, tiyi, tomato, zakudya zama acid, kuphatikiza popewa kudya kwambiri, mugoneni mukangotha ​​kudya ndikuvala zovala zolimba.

Ngati gastroesophageal Reflux sakuchiritsidwa moyenera, zina mwazovuta zomwe zingakhalepo ndi matenda am'mimba, kumimba kwa Barrett, kuchepa kwa kholingo komanso khansa. Dziwani zambiri za zomwe zili komanso momwe mungadziwire reflux ya gastroesophageal.

2. Kutuluka m'mimba

Esophagitis ndikutupa kwa khosi, vuto lomwe limakhudza anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a reflux am'mimba.Kutupa uku kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga kholingo la Barrett, lomwe limakhalapo pamene maselo otupa amasintha, otchedwa metaplasia, kuti athane ndi acidity pafupipafupi, komanso omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowopsa cha khansa ya m'mimba.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a esophagitis zimaphatikizapo matenda a yisiti, kusanza pafupipafupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga aspirin, anti-inflammatories ndi maantibayotiki, monga Clindamycin, hiatus hernia kapena kumeza mankhwala a caustic kapena acidic, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kuwotcha, kupweteka kapena kuvutika kumeza, kulawa kowawa mkamwa, chifuwa, laryngitis pafupipafupi.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: ngati ayambitsidwa ndi Reflux, chithandizo cha esophagitis chimachitikanso poletsa acidity m'mimba, ndi mankhwala monga Pantoprazole, Omeprazole ndi Ranitidine, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza pakusintha kwa kudya. Ngati zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda, mankhwala monga maantibayotiki, maantifungal kapena ma antivirals amawonetsedwa mpaka nthendayo itachira. Pakakhala kukwiya komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala, zinthu kapena radiation, kungakhale kofunikira kuti muchepetse kholalo, ngati ntchito yake yasokonekera.

Dziwani zambiri za mitundu ya esophagitis ndi momwe mungamuthandizire.

Onani zambiri zamomwe matenda am'mimba amachitikira powonera vidiyo iyi:

3. Kuphipha kwamitsempha

Sizikudziwika bwinobwino chomwe chimayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana, komabe pali zinthu zina zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa zochitika zosagwirizana za chiwalochi, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kovuta komanso kosazolowereka kwam'mero, monga zakudya zotentha kwambiri kapena zozizira.

Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, adokotala amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso monga manometry, omwe amawona kukakamiza kwa kholingo, kuphatikiza pa radiography yosiyana ndi endoscopy.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: ali, makamaka, kuvutika kumeza ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, zomwe zimatha kuchitika atagona, zimawonjezeka mukatha kudya, ndipo zimatsagana ndi kuwotcha, Reflux komanso kuvutika kumeza. Nthawi zina, kupweteka kumatha kukhala koopsa kwambiri kwakuti kumatha kufanana ndi infarction yaminyewa yam'mimba.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: kupweteka kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi maantacid ndipo, kuti athetse ma spasms, adotolo amatha kuwonetsa mankhwala monga nitrate, hydralazine, calcium channel blocker, botulinum toxin ndi anxiolytics, mwachitsanzo.

4. Khansa yotupa ndi khosi

Chotupa choterechi chimakhala chosowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri, chimakhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa matenda a reflux ndi matenda a Barrett, komabe, zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusuta, kumwa mowa, kuvulala kwa caustic, matenda a HPV, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kufinya kwaminyewa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikulephera kumeza chakudya, chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira ndi zakudya zolimba ndipo chitha kufikira zakumwa. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere ndi kuchepa thupi, kuuma, kupweteka mukameza komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, zomwe zingamupangitse munthuyo kutopa.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: chithandizochi chikuwonetsedwa ndi dokotala kutengera mtundu ndi kuuma kwa chotupacho ndipo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse chotupacho, kuphatikiza chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy.

Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungadziwire ndi kuchizira khansa ya m'mimba.

5. Achalasia

Achalasia ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chovulala kapena kutayika kwa ma neuron omwe amachititsa kuti minofu isawonongeke. Mwanjira imeneyi, kum'mero ​​kumatha kusiya kupumula mukamameza ndikupanga peristalsis, omwe ndi mafunde oyenda m'mimba opangidwa kuti atenge chakudya m'njira yoyenera, mpaka m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. Chifukwa chake, ku achalasia pamakhala kuchepa kwam'mimba pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: Zizindikiro zazikulu ndizovuta kumeza, Reflux, kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kuonda.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: ngakhale kulibe mankhwala, adotolo angavomereze chithandizo kuti muchepetse kupanikizika ndi zizindikilo, monga nitrate kapena hydralazine. Esophageal dilation kapena myotomy maopaleshoni ndi njira zina zothetsera kutuluka kwa khosi pamavuto ovuta kwambiri. Pachifukwa chotsatirachi, kuchotsa kum'mero ​​kungakhale kofunikira.

Achalasia amayambitsidwa ndimatenda okhaokha, komabe, matenda a Chagas amathanso kuwononga mitsempha ndikupangitsa kuchepa kofananako kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa. Kuti atsimikizire achalasia, adotolo amalimbikitsa mayeso monga esophageal manometry, kuti azindikire kusintha kwa kupsinjika, kuwonjezera pa endoscopy ndi radiography mosiyana ndi kholingo.

6. Zosiyanasiyana

Diverticula amasintha momwe khosi limakhalira lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala laling'ono, koma limatha kukula ndikumatha kusunga malovu ndi chakudya.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: ikakhala yayikulu, ma diverticula amatha kuyambitsa mavuto kumeza, kununkhiza komanso kulakalaka chakudya m'mapapu.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: Opaleshoni imatha kuwonetsedwa kuti ichotse diverticula yochulukirapo kapena kuyambitsa zizindikilo.

Kuphatikiza pa diverticula, kusintha kwina pamapangidwe am'mimba omwe angabwere ndi mphete ndi nembanemba m'chiuno, komanso ma polyps kapena zotupa zoyipa, zomwe zimalepheretsa kumeza chakudya, ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zobadwa kapena zotupa.

7. Zilonda mummero

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimapweteketsa pam'mero, ngakhale ndizosowa, ndikupanga kuvulala kapena mafuta onunkhira, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusanza kwambiri, komanso munthawi ya endoscopy kapena kusungidwa kwamachubu a nasogastric, zoopsa pangozi kapena chifukwa cha dzimbiri chifukwa cha esophagitis kapena khansa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu: pali kupweteka kwambiri komwe kumapezeka pachifuwa, komwe kumawonjezeka mukamapuma kapena kutsokomola, ndipo magazi amatha kutuluka nthawi yosanza. Pakhoza kukhalanso ndi kutupa kwa mediastinum, komwe kumapezeka ziwalo zina zofunika monga mtima ndi mapapo, zomwe ndizowopsa ndipo zitha kuyika moyo wamunthu pachiwopsezo.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira: Kufuna kutulutsa thumba ndi chubu ndikofunikira, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ndikupewa kudya mpaka zilonda zitapola. Pamene bala liri lalikulu kapena silingakhale, opareshoni yokonza amawonetsedwa.

Kuphatikiza pakupanga zilonda, pakhoza kukhala chakudya kapena thupi lina lachilendo lomwe limatha kukhazikika kum'mero ​​ndikupangitsa kuwawa kwambiri ndikulephera kuthetsa zikopa zopangidwa. Nthawi zina, pangafunike kuchotsa vutoli ndi endoscopy.