Kodi hypoxia, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoxia
• Mitundu yake ndi iti
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zotsatira zotheka
• Kusiyana kwa hypoxia ndi hypoxemia

Hypoxia ndimomwe zimachitika pomwe kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopititsidwa kumatenda a thupi sikukwanira, kumayambitsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka mutu, kuwodzera, thukuta lozizira, zala zakuthwa ndi pakamwa ngakhale kukomoka. Kusintha uku kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda amtima, monga pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima, matenda am'mapapo, monga asthma ndi pachimake m'mapapo edema, koma amathanso kubuka chifukwa chakuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso kukwera kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha hypoxia chimatengera chifukwa, kulimba komanso thanzi la munthu, komabe, nthawi zambiri, imakhala ndi kuperekera kwa oxygen kudzera m'maski kapena ndi orotracheal intubation. Izi zitha kupangitsa sequelae m'thupi, chifukwa chake zikayamba kuwonekera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyitanitsa ambulansi ya SAMU ku 192 pomwepo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za hypoxia zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa munthu wina, chifukwa zimadalira kuuma kwa kuchepa kwa mpweya m'matumba a thupi, koma atha kukhala:

• Mutu;
• Kupweteka;
• Kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima;
• Thukuta lozizira;
• Kupuma pang'ono;
• Chizungulire;
• Kusokonezeka maganizo;
• Kukomoka;
• Zala zakuda ndi pakamwa, zotchedwa cyanosis;

Cyanosis imabwera chifukwa mitsempha yamagazi kumapeto kwa thupi imawumiriza kutumiza magazi ochulukirapo komanso mpweya wambiri kuzipangizo zazikulu za thupi ndipo chifukwa cha izi, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayambanso. Phunzirani zambiri za cyanosis ndi momwe amagawidwira.

Komabe, pamene hypoxia imakulirakulira, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa ndipo munthu amatha kutaya chidziwitso, chifukwa chake zikayamba kuwonekera, ndikofunikira kuyimbira ambulansi ya SAMU ku 192, nthawi yomweyo, kuti chithandizo chadzidzidzi chichitike., Kupewa zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoxia

Hypoxia imachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'matumba sikukwanira ndipo izi zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo, monga kupuma, kupuma, mphumu, mapapu, mapapu ndi chibayo, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti mpweya m'mapapu uwonongeke . Zosintha zaminyewa zina zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa mutu zimatha kuyambitsa hypoxia, chifukwa imalepheretsa kupuma.

Hemoglobin, yomwe imapezeka m'magazi, imathandizira kunyamula mpweya kumaziwalo amthupi ndipo ndi otsika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa hypoxia m'matumba amthupi, ngakhale kupuma kumakhalabe. Chifukwa china cha hypoxia atha kukhala kuledzeretsa ndi mankhwala monga cyanide, carbon dioxide ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda ena amtima, monga pachimake cha myocardial infarction, amalepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi poletsa mpweya kuti usamatumizidwe kumatumba amthupi. Kumalo okwera kwambiri kapena ozama kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, chifukwa chake ngati munthu ali m'malo amenewa, amathanso kudwala matenda a hypoxia.

Mitundu yake ndi iti

Mitundu ya hypoxia imakhudzana ndi chifukwa chosowa mpweya m'thupi, womwe ungakhale:

• Kupuma hypoxia: Zotsatira zakuchepa kwa kupezeka kwa mpweya m'mapapu, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakusowa kapena kupuma kocheperako, mwina chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena chifukwa chakulephera kwa njira yapaulendo;
• Matenda a magazi: zimachitika kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi ndikotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mpweya womwe umanyamulidwa m'magazi;
• Kuzungulira kwa hypoxia: kumawonekera munthawi yomwe kutayika kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti kusinthana kwa mpweya m'mapapo sikuchitika molondola, monga mtima kulephera;
• Hypoxia ya ziwalo zenizeni: zimachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi amtundu wina umatsekedwa, kulepheretsa magazi kuyenda ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'deralo, chifukwa cha atherosclerosis, mwachitsanzo.

Palinso mtundu wa hypoxia wokhudzana ndi vuto lobadwa nalo la mtima, monga Fallot's tetralogy, yomwe imapangitsa mitsempha yolakwika kuti isatengere mpweya ku ziwalo zofunika mthupi, monga ubongo. Onani zambiri momwe chithandizo cha tetralogy ya Fallot chikuchitikira.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha hypoxia chimazikidwa makamaka pakuwongolera mpweya kudzera m'masks, ma nasal catheters kapena mahema a oksijeni, mawonekedwe a mpweya wosasokoneza. Komabe, pamavuto ovuta kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chubu pakamwa kuti ipereke mpweya mwachindunji m'mapapu, omwe amadziwika kuti orotracheal intubation.

Ngati hypoxia imayambitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuyika kwa oxygen sikungakhale ndi zotsatira zokhutiritsa, chifukwa ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'thupi kumawonjezeka, ma hemoglobins osakwanira, osakwanitsa kupangitsa kuti matupi onse azisokonekera, kotero ndikofunikira perekani magazi kuti mupereke hemoglobin yambiri m'magazi. Dziwani zambiri za momwe kuthiridwa magazi kumachitikira.

Momwemonso, matenda amtima atayamba ndi hypoxia, magazi amayenda bwino ndikungowonetsetsa kuti kupuma sikokwanira, ndikofunikira kukonza zovuta poyamba, monga opaleshoni.

Zotsatira zotheka

Hypoxia imatha kuyambitsa sequelae m'thupi ndikudalira nthawi yomwe munthuyo wakhala wopanda kupuma komanso nthawi yomwe thupi silinali ndi mpweya wokwanira wofunikira kuti ugwire ntchito yake yofunikira. Zosintha m'katikati mwa manjenje zimaimira zotsatira zazikulu za hypoxia, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lisasunthike komanso kusokoneza zinthu monga kuyenda, kulankhula, kudya ndi kuwona.

Nthawi zina, hypoxia ikafika povuta kwambiri ndipo munthu samatha kupuma yekha, ndikofunikira kuchita intubation, ndiye kuti, zida ziyenera kudziwitsidwa kuti zithandizire kupuma, ndipo nthawi zambiri, adotolo amawonetsa kuti chikomokere chimayambitsidwa. Onani zomwe zimayambitsa chikomokere ndi zisonyezo zina.

Kusiyana kwa hypoxia ndi hypoxemia

Nthawi zina hypoxia imasokonezeka ndi mawu akuti hypoxemia, komabe, amatanthauza zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Hypoxemia imatanthauziridwa kuti kuchepa kwa mpweya m'magazi, ndiye kuti, kukhathamiritsa kwa oxygen, komwe kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito pulse oximetry, kumakhala pamtengo wotsika wa 90%, hypoxia imadziwika kuti kuchepa kwa oxygenation m'matumba amthupi . Nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zimakhala zofanana, chifukwa hypoxia imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha hypoxemia.