Kodi Kupha Poizoni Chakudya Ndikopatsirana?
Zamkati
- Mitundu ya poyizoni wazakudya
- 1. Mabakiteriya
- 2. Mavairasi
- 3. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
- Momwe mungapewere kufalikira kwa poyizoni wazakudya
- Mabakiteriya
- Kachilombo
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
- Kodi malingaliro a poyizoni wazakudya ndi otani?
Chidule
Kupha poyizoni, komwe kumatchedwanso matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya, kumachitika chifukwa chodya kapena kumwa zakumwa kapena zakumwa zoyipa. Zizindikiro za poyizoni wazakudya zimasiyanasiyana koma zimatha kukhala ndi nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kukokana m'mimba. Anthu ena amakhalanso ndi malungo.
Mwa anthu pafupifupi 48 miliyoni omwe amadwala matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya chaka chilichonse ku United States, 3,000 adzafa, malinga ndi.
Zizindikiro zimatha kukula mkati mwa maola ochepa kapena masiku angapo mutadya chakudya choyipa.
Kupha poizoni ndi chakudya kumayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ena, mavairasi, kapena tiziromboti. Chifukwa chake, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro za poyizoni wazakudya, chitanipo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ndikupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa.
Nthawi zina, poyizoni wazakudya ndi chifukwa cha mankhwala kapena poizoni omwe amapezeka mchakudyacho. Mtundu uwu wa poyizoni wazakudya suwerengedwa kuti ndi matenda, chifukwa chake siwopatsirana ndipo sukufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.
Mitundu ya poyizoni wazakudya
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya. Ambiri mwa matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha chimodzi mwazotsatira.
1. Mabakiteriya
Mabakiteriya - omwe ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono - titha kulowa m'matumbo (GI) kudzera muzakudya zoyipa ndikubweretsa zizindikilo monga nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kupweteka m'mimba.
Mabakiteriya amatha kuipitsa chakudya m'njira zingapo:
- Mutha kugula zakudya zomwe zawonongeka kale kapena zakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya.
- Chakudya chanu chitha kukhala ndi kachilomboka panthawi ina posungira kapena pokonzekera.
Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati simusamba m'manja musanakonze kapena kugwira chakudya. Zitha kuchitika pomwe chakudya chimakhudzana ndi malo okhala ndi mabakiteriya.
Kusasunga bwino chakudya, monga kusunga chakudya kutentha kapena panja kwa nthawi yayitali, kumathandizanso kuti mabakiteriya akule ndikuchulukirachulukira.
Ndikofunika kuzizira m'firiji kapena kuunditsa chakudya mukatha kuphika. Osadya chakudya chomwe chatsalira chokhala kunja kwa nthawi yayitali. Kumbukirani kuti zakudya zodetsedwa zimatha kulawa komanso kununkhira bwino.
Mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse poizoni wa chakudya ndi awa:
- Salmonella
- Chinthaka
- E. coli (zovuta zina, kuphatikiza E. coli O157: H7)
- Listeria
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Staphylococcus aureus (staph)
2. Mavairasi
Mpweya wazakudya womwe umayambitsidwa ndi mavairasi amathanso kupitilira kwa munthu wina. Vuto lofala la chakudya ndi norovirus, lomwe limayambitsa kutupa m'mimba ndi m'matumbo.
Hepatitis A ndi matenda enanso obwera chifukwa cha zakudya kuchokera ku kachilombo. Matenda opatsirana kwambiri a chiwindi amachititsa kutupa kwa chiwindi. Vuto la Hepatitis A limapezeka mchimbudzi ndi magazi a anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Ngati simusamba m'manja mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito bafa, ndizotheka kupatsira ena kachilomboka pogwirana chanza ndi zina zakuthupi. Muthanso kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena ngati mukukonzekera chakudya kapena zakumwa ndi manja owonongeka.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafalikiranso kudzera m'magulu osagwirizana. Tsiku lonse, mutha kukhudza malo angapo ndi manja owonongeka. Izi zikuphatikiza ma switch, ma counters, mafoni, ndi zitseko. Aliyense amene angakhudze malowa akhoza kudwala akaika manja ake pakamwa.
Mabakiteriya ndi ma virus amatha kukhala kunja kwa thupi pamalo olimba kwa maola, ndipo nthawi zina masiku. Salmonella ndi campylobacter zitha kukhala pamtunda mpaka maola anayi, pomwe norovirus imatha kukhalapo pamtunda kwa milungu ingapo.
3. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Majeremusi omwe angayambitse poizoni wa chakudya ndi awa:
- Giardia duodenalis (yemwe kale ankatchedwa G. lamblia)
- Cryptosporidium parvum
- Cyclospora cayetanensis
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Trichinella spiralis
- Taenia saginata
- Taenia solium
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zamoyo zomwe zimakhala zazikulu. Zina zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri, koma zina, monga nyongolotsi zamatenda, zitha kuwoneka ndi maso. Zamoyozi zimakhala kapena zamoyo zina (zotchedwa khamu) ndipo zimalandira michere kuchokera kwa wolandiridwayo.
Zikakhalapo, zamoyozi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri pamipando ya anthu ndi nyama. Amatha kusamutsa thupi lanu mukamadya zakudya zowononga, kumwa madzi owonongeka, kapena kuyika chilichonse mkamwa mwanu chomwe chingakumane ndi ndowe za munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kapena nyama.
Mutha kufalitsa poyizoni wamtunduwu kudzera pakukhudzana ndi thupi kapena pokonza chakudya ndi manja owonongeka.
Momwe mungapewere kufalikira kwa poyizoni wazakudya
Aliyense atha kupeza poyizoni wazakudya, koma pali njira zoletsera kufalikira kwake mukakhala ndi kachilombo.
Kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana obwera chifukwa cha chakudya ndikofunikira chifukwa mavuto angabuke.
Popeza poyizoni wazakudya amatha kuyambitsa kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba, pamakhala chiopsezo chotaya madzi m'thupi. Pakakhala vuto lalikulu la kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, kuchipatala kumafunika m'malo mwa madzi omwe atayika. Kutaya madzi m'thupi kumakhala koopsa makamaka kwa makanda, okalamba, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.
Nawa maupangiri ochepa opewera kufalikira kwa poyizoni wazakudya mukadwala kale.
Mabakiteriya
- Khalani kunyumba kusukulu kapena kuntchito mpaka zizindikiro zitatha
- Sambani m'manja ndi madzi ofunda, okhala ndi sopo mukapita kuchimbudzi komanso mukakumana ndi ndowe za nyama kapena anthu.
- Osakonzekera kapena kusamalira chakudya kapena zakumwa mpaka zizindikiro zitatha ndipo mukumva bwino.
- Phunzitsani ana kusamba m'manja moyenera. Malinga ndi CDC, ziyenera kutenga masekondi pafupifupi 20, nthawi yomweyo yomwe zimatengera kuyimba nyimbo ya "Birthday Birthday" kawiri.
- Tetezani tizilombo tomwe timakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito mnyumba - masinthidwe oyendera, zitseko, zitseko, ndi zina zotero.
- Sambani chimbudzi cha bafa mukatha kuchigwiritsa ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opukuta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pampando ndi m'manja.
- Khalani kunyumba kusukulu ndikugwira ntchito mpaka zizindikiritso zitasowa ndikupewa kuyenda.
- Sambani m'manja ndi madzi ofunda, sopo mukatha kubafa komanso mukakumana ndi ndowe za anthu kapena nyama.
- Osakonzekera kapena kusamalira chakudya kapena zakumwa mpaka zizindikiro zitatha ndipo mukumva bwino.
- Thirani mankhwala pozungulira nyumba.
- Valani magolovesi mukamatsuka masanzi kapena kutsegula m'mimba kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
- Sambani m'manja ndi madzi ofunda, okhala ndi sopo mukapita kubafa komanso mutakumana ndi ndowe za anthu kapena nyama
- Osakonzekera kapena kusamalira chakudya kapena zakumwa mpaka zizindikiro zitasowa ndipo mukumva bwino.
- Chitani zogonana motetezeka. Matenda ena (Giardia) imatha kufalikira kudzera kugonana kwamkamwa kosaloledwa.
Kachilombo
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Kodi malingaliro a poyizoni wazakudya ndi otani?
Kupha poizoni pakudya kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana monga kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi malungo. Komabe, zizindikilo zimasintha zokha patadutsa maola angapo mpaka masiku ndipo sizifunikira dokotala.
Kupuma mokwanira ndi madzi akumwa kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale bwino. Ngakhale simungamve kudya, thupi lanu limafunikira mphamvu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zopanda pake monga zotupitsa, toast, ndi mpunga.
Zamadzimadzi (madzi, msuzi, tiyi wopanda madzi) ndizofunikanso kupewa kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zakusowa madzi m'thupi, pitani kuchipatala mwachangu. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo ludzu lokwanira, kukodza pafupipafupi, mkodzo wamdima, kutopa, ndi chizungulire.
Kwa ana, zizindikiro zakusowa madzi m'thupi zimaphatikizira lilime louma, opanda matewera onyowa kwa maola atatu, kufooka, kukwiya, ndikulira popanda misozi.