HIV, Mankhwala, ndi Matenda a Impso

Zamkati

• Zomwe impso zimachita
• Momwe HIV ingawononge impso
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda a impso
• Kuyesedwa matenda a impso
• Kusamalira HIV ndi matenda a impso
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Chiyambi

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV akuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wabwino kuposa kale lonse. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zina zamankhwala, kuphatikizapo matenda a impso. Matenda a impso atha kukhala chifukwa cha kachirombo ka HIV kapena mankhwala omwe amachiritsa. Mwamwayi, nthawi zambiri, matenda a impso amachiritsidwa.

Nazi zinthu zochepa zoti mudziwe za kuopsa kwa matenda a impso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV.

Zomwe impso zimachita

Impso ndizo mawonekedwe a thupi. Ziwalo ziwirizi zimachotsa poizoni ndi madzi owonjezera mthupi. Madzimadziwo amatuluka m'thupi kudzera mumkodzo. Impso iliyonse ili ndi zosefera zazing'ono zoposa miliyoni imodzi zokonzeka kuyeretsa magazi azinyalala.

Monga ziwalo zina za thupi, impso zitha kuvulala. Kuvulala kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha matenda, zoopsa, kapena mankhwala ena. Impso zikavulala, sizingagwire bwino ntchito. Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa impso kumatha kubweretsa zinyalala ndi madzi ambiri mthupi. Matenda a impso angayambitse kutopa, kutupa miyendo, kukokana kwa minofu, ndi kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe. Zikakhala zovuta, zimatha kupha.

Momwe HIV ingawononge impso

Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso kuchuluka kwa ma virus kapena ma CD4 cell (T cell) ochepa amakhala ndi matenda a impso. Kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kuwononga zosefera mu impso ndikuziletsa kuti zisamagwire ntchito bwino. Izi zimatchedwa nephropathy yokhudzana ndi HIV, kapena HIVAN.

Kuphatikiza apo, chiopsezo cha matenda a impso chikhoza kukhala chachikulu mwa anthu omwe:

• ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena hepatitis C
• ali ndi zaka zoposa 65
• mukhale ndi wachibale wanu yemwe ali ndi matenda a impso
• ndi African American, Native American, Puerto Rico American, Asia, kapena Pacific Islander
• ndagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amawononga impso kwa zaka zingapo

Nthawi zina, zoopsa zowonjezerazi zitha kuchepetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kasamalidwe kabwino ka kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, kapena hepatitis C kumachepetsa chiopsezo chodwala matenda a impso. Komanso, kachilombo ka HIV sichimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kochepa kamene kali ndi ma T cell omwe amatha kuwerengera. Kumwa mankhwala awo monga momwe alembedwera kumatha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa ma virus awo ndikuwerengera komwe akuyenera kukhala. Kuchita izi kungathandizenso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV sangakhale ndi zina mwaziwopsezo zowononga impso zomwe zimayambitsa HIV. Komabe, mankhwala omwe amathandizira kutenga kachilombo ka HIV atha kupanganso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha impso.

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda a impso

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV amatha kuthandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma virus, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma T cell, komanso kuyimitsa HIV kuti isawononge thupi. Komabe, mankhwala ena ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV angayambitse mavuto a impso mwa anthu ena.

Mankhwala omwe angakhudze mawonekedwe a impso ndi awa:

• tenofovir, mankhwala ku Viread ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza mankhwala a Truvada, Atripla, Stribild, ndi Complera
• indinavir (Crixivan), atazanavir (Reyataz), ndi ma virus ena a HIV protease, omwe amatha kusungunuka mkati mwa ngalande ya impso, ndikupangitsa miyala ya impso

Kuyesedwa matenda a impso

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti anthu omwe adapezeka ndi kachilombo ka HIV nawonso akayezetse matenda a impso. Kuti muchite izi, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kuyitanitsa mayeso amwazi ndi mkodzo.

Mayesowa amayesa mulingo wa mapuloteni mumkodzo komanso mulingo wa zotayika creatinine m'magazi. Zotsatira zimathandizira wothandizirayo kudziwa momwe impso zikuyendera.

Kusamalira HIV ndi matenda a impso

Matenda a impso ndi vuto la kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamakhala kosavuta. Ndikofunika kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV azikhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika ndi kusungitsa nthawi zosankha ndi omwe adzawathandize. Munthawi yamaimidwe awa, woperekayo amatha kukambirana momwe angayendetsere mikhalidwe yazaumoyo kuti achepetse mavuto omwe angakhalepo.

Funso:

Kodi pali chithandizo ngati ndikadwala matenda a impso?

Yankho:

Pali zosankha zambiri zomwe dokotala angafufuze nanu. Amatha kusintha mlingo wa ART kapena kukupatsirani mankhwala a magazi kapena ma diuretics (mapiritsi amadzi) kapena zonse ziwiri. Dokotala wanu angaganizirenso za dialysis kuti ayeretse magazi anu. Kuika impso kungakhalenso njira. Chithandizo chanu chimadalira nthawi yomwe matenda anu a impso anapezeka komanso kuti ndi oopsa bwanji. Matenda ena omwe muli nawo adzawathandizanso.