Krokodil (Desomorphine): Opioid Yamphamvu, Yopanda Chilolezo ndi Zotsatira Zovuta

Zamkati

• Kodi krokodil (desomorphine) ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Zotsatira zoyipa za Krokodil
• Necrosis ya khungu
• Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi khungu
• Kuwonongeka kwa chotengera chamagazi
• Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa
• Tengera kwina

Opioids ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa ululu. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma opioid yomwe ilipo, kuphatikiza yopangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu za poppy, monga morphine, ndi ma opioid opanga, monga fentanyl.

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe akufotokozera, atha kukhala othandiza kwambiri pochiza zowawa zomwe sizimasulidwa ndi mankhwala ena opweteka, monga acetaminophen.

Opioids amagwira ntchito pophatikiza ma opioid receptors muubongo ndikuletsa zowawa. Amalimbikitsanso chisangalalo, ndichifukwa chake amamwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ma opioid kwafika pachimake. Tsiku lililonse, anthu 130 amamwalira ndi mankhwala opioid ku United States, malinga ndi. Izi zimaphatikizapo ma opioid amtundu uliwonse: choyambirira, chopanga, kapena chophatikiza ndi mankhwala ena.

Desomorphine ndichomwe chimachokera mu jakisoni wa morphine. Mwina mudamvapo za dzina la mseu "krokodil." Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa m'malo wotsika mtengo wa heroin.

Dzinalo limadziwika kuti ndi limodzi mwa zoyipa zake zambiri zoyipa. Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito krokodil amapanga khungu lakuda, lakuda komanso lobiriwira lomwe limafanana ndi khungu la ng'ona.

Kodi krokodil (desomorphine) ndi chiyani?

Krokodil ndi chilembo cha ku Russia cha ng'ona. Ikupita ndi mayina angapo osiyana ndi malembo, kuphatikiza:

• krocodil
• krok
• ng'ona
• alligator mankhwala

Idayambitsidwa koyamba ku Russia koyambirira kwa 2000s. Zimapangidwa ndikupanga desomorphine kuchokera ku codeine ndikusakanikirana ndi zowonjezera zina, monga:

• asidi hydrochloric
• utoto woonda
• ayodini
• mafuta
• madzimadzi opepuka
• red phosphorus (malo owoneka ngati match match)

Zowonjezera zowopsa izi mwina ndizomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zake zoyipa.

Russia ndi Ukraine zikuwoneka kuti zakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa, koma zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zoyipa ku United States.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kugwiritsa ntchito desomorphine kudanenedwa koyamba mu 1935 ngati chithandizo cha zowawa zoyambitsidwa.

Mankhwalawa anapezeka kuti ndi opweteka kwambiri kuposa morphine wokhala ndi nthawi yayifupi komanso nseru yochepa. Madokotala anapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa asanachitike komanso atachitidwa opaleshoni kuti athe kukhazikika.

Silikugwiritsidwanso ntchito masiku ano. Ku United States, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) imayika desomorphine ngati gawo la Ndandanda I. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito molakwika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kuchipatala.

Mapiritsi a Codeine amapezeka popanda mankhwala ku Russia. Zinthu zotsika mtengo komanso zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta zimaphatikizidwa ndi codeine kuti apange mankhwala opangira kunyumba kapena mumisewu, krokodil.

Anthu amaigwiritsa ntchito ngati yotsika mtengo m'malo mwa heroin.

Zotsatira zoyipa za Krokodil

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za krokodil ndi khungu lobiriwira ndi lobiriwira lomwe limayamba patangopita nthawi pang'ono kubayala mankhwala.

Kutengera ndi malipoti, anthu safunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali kuti akumane ndi kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali komanso kowopsa kwa minofu komwe kumafika mpaka pakatikati pa fupa.

Tiyeni tiwone bwino zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimabweretsa dzina la misewu ya mankhwalawa komanso zovuta zina.

Necrosis ya khungu

Malinga ndi, anthu amakhala ndi kutupa kwakukulu komanso kupweteka m'dera lomwe mankhwala ake adayikidwa. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwa khungu ndikukula. Pamapeto pake madera akuluakulu azilonda zam'mimba amapezeka pomwe minofu imamwalira.

Zowonongeka zimakhulupirira kuti mwina zimachitika chifukwa cha poizoni wazowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwalawa, ambiri omwe amatukuka khungu.

Mankhwalawa sanadziyeretsenso asanalandire jakisoni. Izi zitha kufotokoza chifukwa chake kukwiya kwa khungu kumachitika pafupifupi atangobaya jakisoni.

Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi khungu

Khungu lomwe lili ndi zilondalo nthawi zambiri limapita patsogolo mpaka kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa minofu ndi khungu. Khungu limapitirizabe kukhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba, ndipo pamapeto pake limatuluka ndikuwonetsa fupa pansi pake.

Krokodil ndi yamphamvu kuposa morphine. Chifukwa cha kupweteka kwake, anthu ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amanyalanyaza zotsatirazi ndikuchotsa chithandizo mpaka atawonongeka kwambiri, kuphatikizapo chilonda.

Kuwonongeka kwa chotengera chamagazi

Krokodil ikhoza kuwononga mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imalepheretsa minyewa ya thupi kupeza magazi omwe amafunikira. Kuwonongeka kwa chotengera chamagazi komwe kumakhudzana ndi mankhwala kumatha kuyambitsa zilonda. Zitha kuperekanso ku thrombophlebitis, komwe ndikutupa kwa mtsempha womwe umayambitsidwa ndi magazi.

Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa

Matenda a mafupa (osteomyelitis) ndi kufa kwa mafupa (osteonecrosis) m'magawo ena amthupi osiyana ndi malo opangira jekeseni adanenedwa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kulowa m'fupa kudzera m'mabala akulu, ndikupangitsa matenda. Imfa ya m'mafupa imachitika magazi akatuluka m'fupa kapena akuletsa.

Kuchotsa ziweto nthawi zina kumafunika kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kotereku.

Kugwiritsa ntchito krokodil kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina zingapo zoyipa komanso zovuta, kuphatikiza:

• chibayo
• meninjaitisi
• sepsis, wotchedwanso poizoni wamagazi
• impso kulephera
• kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
• kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• imfa

Tengera kwina

Krokodil (desomorphine) ndi mankhwala owopsa omwe amatha kupha omwe amayambitsa zovuta zingapo.

Ziwopsezo zake zimapezeka atangobaya jakisoni ndipo amakula msanga.

Ngati inu kapena wina amene mumamudziwa akugwiritsa ntchito krokodil kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma opioid ena, nayi njira yopezera thandizo.