Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Microcephaly

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa microcephaly?
• Mkhalidwe wa chibadwa
• Matenda a Cornelia de Lange
• Matenda a Down
• Cri-du-chat matenda
• Matenda a Rubinstein-Taybi
• Matenda a Seckel
• Matenda a Smith-Lemli-Opitz
• Trisomy 18
• Kuwonetseredwa ndi mavairasi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena poizoni
• Zika kachilombo
• Poizoni wa Methylmercury
• Kubadwa rubella
• Toxoplasmosis yobadwa
• Cytomegalovirus yobadwa nayo
• Phenylketonuria (PKU) wosalamulirika mwa mayi
• Zovuta zoperekera
• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi microcephaly?
• Kodi microcephaly amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi microcephaly imathandizidwa bwanji?
• Kodi microcephaly ingapewe?

Chidule

Dokotala wanu amatha kuyeza kukula kwa mwana wanu m'njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, dokotala wanu amayang'ana kutalika kapena kutalika kwa mwana wanu ndi kulemera kwake kuti adziwe ngati akukula bwino.

Muyeso wina wa kukula kwa khanda ndi kuzungulira kwa mutu, kapena kukula kwa mutu wa mwana wanu. Ndikofunika chifukwa imatha kuwonetsa momwe ubongo wawo ukukula bwino.

Ngati ubongo wa mwana wanu sukula bwino, atha kukhala ndi vuto lotchedwa microcephaly.

Microcephaly ndimkhalidwe womwe mutu wa mwana wanu ndi wocheperako kuposa wa ana ena amisinkhu yofanana komanso kugonana. Vutoli limatha kukhalapo mwana wanu akabadwa.

Itha kukulanso mzaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo wawo. Alibe mankhwala. Komabe, kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chithandizo kumatha kusintha malingaliro amwana wanu.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa microcephaly?

Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwaubongo kumayambitsa vutoli.

Kukula kosazolowereka kwaubongo kumatha kuchitika mwana wanu akadali m'mimba kapena akadali wakhanda. Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwaubongo sichidziwika. Zina mwa majini zimatha kuyambitsa microcephaly.

Mkhalidwe wa chibadwa

Mavuto omwe angayambitse microcephaly ndi awa:

Matenda a Cornelia de Lange

Matenda a Cornelia de Lange amachepetsa kukula kwa mwana wanu mkati ndi kunja kwa chiberekero. Zizindikiro zodziwika za matendawa ndi awa:

• mavuto aluntha
• zovuta zamanja ndi zamanja
• nkhope zosiyana

Mwachitsanzo, ana omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi:

• nsidze zomwe zimamera pamodzi pakati
• makutu otsika
• mphuno yaying'ono ndi mano

Matenda a Down

Down syndrome imadziwikanso kuti trisomy 21. Ana omwe ali ndi trisomy 21 amakhala ndi:

• kuchedwa kuzindikira
• kufooka pang'ono pang'ono mpaka pang'ono
• minofu yofooka
• mawonekedwe apadera, monga maso owoneka ngati amondi, nkhope yozungulira, ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono

Cri-du-chat matenda

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a cri-du-chat, kapena matenda a paka's cry's cry, amakhala ndi kulira kwapadera, kofuula kwambiri, kofanana ndi kwamphaka. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndiz:

• kulemala nzeru
• kulemera kochepa kubadwa
• minofu yofooka
• mawonekedwe ena akumaso, monga maso otakata, nsagwada yaying'ono, ndi makutu otsika

Matenda a Rubinstein-Taybi

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Rubenstein-Taybi amafupikitsa kuposa nthawi zonse. Alinso ndi:

• zala zazikulu za m'manja ndi zala
• mawonekedwe apadera a nkhope
• olumala

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lamtunduwu nthawi zambiri samapulumuka ali mwana.

Matenda a Seckel

Matenda a Seckel ndi osowa omwe amachititsa kuti kukula kumachedwetse mkati ndi kunja kwa chiberekero. Makhalidwe ofanana ndi awa:

• kulemala nzeru
• mawonekedwe ena akumaso, kuphatikiza nkhope yopapatiza, mphuno ngati pakamwa, ndi nsagwada.

Matenda a Smith-Lemli-Opitz

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Smith-Lemli-Opitz ali ndi:

• olumala
• zilema zamakhalidwe zomwe zimawonetsa autism

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa ndi monga:

• mavuto odyetsa
• kukula pang'onopang'ono
• kuphatikiza zala zachiwiri ndi zachitatu

Trisomy 18

Trisomy 18 imadziwikanso kuti Edward's syndrome. Itha kuyambitsa:

• kukula pang'onopang'ono m'mimba
• kulemera kochepa kubadwa
• zopindika ziwalo
• mutu wopanda mawonekedwe

Ana omwe ali ndi Trisomy 18 nthawi zambiri samapulumuka atadutsa mwezi woyamba wa moyo.

Kuwonetseredwa ndi mavairasi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena poizoni

Microcephaly amathanso kuchitika mwana wanu akakhala ndi ma virus, mankhwala, kapena poizoni m'mimba. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mukakhala ndi pakati kumatha kuyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana mwa ana.

Izi ndi zina mwazomwe zingayambitse matenda opatsirana pogonana:

Zika kachilombo

Udzudzu wopatsirana umafalitsa kachilombo ka Zika kwa anthu. Matendawa nthawi zambiri samakhala owopsa. Komabe, ngati mukukhala ndi matenda a Zika virus mukakhala ndi pakati, mutha kumaupatsira mwana wanu.

Zika virus imatha kuyambitsa microcephaly ndi zovuta zina zingapo zobadwa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kupindika ndi kuwona
• kukula kukula

Poizoni wa Methylmercury

Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito methylmercury kusunga mbewu zomwe zimadyetsa nyama. Itha kupangika m'madzi, ndikupangitsa nsomba zodetsedwa.

Poizoni amapezeka mukamadya nsomba zam'nyanja kapena nyama yochokera ku nyama yomwe idadyetsedwa njere zomwe zili ndi methylmercury. Mwana wanu akakhala ndi poyizoni, amatha kuwonongeka ubongo ndi msana.

Kubadwa rubella

Ngati mutenga kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa chikuku cha Germany, kapena rubella, mkati mwa miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya mimba, mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto akulu.

Mavutowa atha kuphatikiza:

• kutaya kumva
• kulemala nzeru
• kugwidwa

Komabe, vutoli silofala kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito katemera wa rubella.

Toxoplasmosis yobadwa

Ngati muli ndi kachilomboka Toxoplasma gondii mukakhala ndi pakati, zitha kuvulaza mwana wanu amene akukula.

Mwana wanu akhoza kubadwa msanga ali ndi mavuto ambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• kugwidwa
• kumva ndi kutayika

Tiziromboti timapezeka mu ndowe zina za mphaka ndi nyama yosaphika.

Cytomegalovirus yobadwa nayo

Mukadwala cytomegalovirus mukakhala ndi pakati, mutha kuyipatsira kwa mwana wanu kudzera pa nsengwa yanu. Ana ena aang'ono ndi omwe amanyamula kachilomboka.

Kwa makanda, zimatha kuyambitsa:

• jaundice
• totupa
• kugwidwa

Ngati muli ndi pakati, muyenera kusamala, kuphatikizapo:

• kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi
• osagawana ziwiya ndi ana ochepera zaka 6

Phenylketonuria (PKU) wosalamulirika mwa mayi

Ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo muli ndi phenylketonuria (PKU), ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zochepa za phenylalanine. Mutha kupeza izi mu:

• mkaka
• mazira
• zotsekemera za aspartame

Ngati mumamwa kwambiri phenylalanine, imatha kuvulaza mwana wanu amene akukula.

Zovuta zoperekera

Microcephaly amathanso kubwera chifukwa cha zovuta zina pakubereka.

• Kuchepetsa mpweya kwa ubongo wa mwana wanu kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga vutoli.
• Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kwa amayi kumawonjezeranso mwayi wakukula.

Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi microcephaly?

Ana omwe amapezeka ndi vutoli amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Ana omwe ali ndi zovuta zochepa amatha kukhala ndi nzeru zambiri. Komabe, kuzungulira kwa mutu wawo kumakhala kocheperako pazaka zawo komanso kugonana.

Ana omwe ali ndi mavuto ovuta kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi izi:

• kulemala nzeru
• kuchedwetsa ntchito yamagalimoto
• kuchedwa kulankhula
• zosokoneza nkhope
• kusakhudzidwa
• kugwidwa
• zovuta ndi mgwirizano ndi kulingalira

Kufupika msinkhu komanso kutalika kwakanthawi sizovuta za microcephaly. Komabe, atha kukhala okhudzana ndi vutoli.

Kodi microcephaly amapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wa mwana wanu amatha kuzindikira vutoli mwa kutsatira kukula ndi kukula kwa mwana wanu. Mukabereka mwana wanu, adokotala amayeza kuyeza kwawo.

Adzaika tepi yoyezera kuzungulira mutu wa mwana wanu ndikulemba kukula kwake. Ngati awona zovuta, amatha kudziwa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi microcephaly.

Dokotala wa mwana wanu adzapitiliza kuyeza mutu wa mwana wanu pamayeso oyeserera a khanda m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo. Adzasunganso mbiri yakukula ndi kukula kwa mwana wanu. Izi ziwathandiza kuzindikira zovuta zilizonse.

Lembani zosintha zilizonse zomwe mwana wanu akukula zomwe zimachitika mukamachezera dokotala. Uzani adotolo za iwo pamsonkhano wotsatira.

Kodi microcephaly imathandizidwa bwanji?

Palibe mankhwala a microcephaly. Komabe, mankhwala amapezeka pamkhalidwe wa mwana wanu. Idzayang'ana pakuthana ndi zovuta.

Ngati mwana wanu achedwa kuyendetsa galimoto, chithandizo chantchito chitha kuwathandiza. Ngati achedwetsa kukula kwazilankhulo, chithandizo chamalankhulidwe chitha kuthandiza. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kulimbikitsa ndikulimbikitsa maluso achilengedwe a mwana wanu.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zovuta zina, monga khunyu kapena kusakhudzidwa, dotolo amathanso kukupatsani mankhwala kuti muwachiritse.

Ngati dokotala wa mwana wanu awazindikira kuti ali ndi vutoli, mufunikiranso thandizo. Kupeza othandizira azachipatala pagulu lazachipatala la mwana wanu ndikofunikira. Amatha kukuthandizani kupanga zisankho zanzeru.

Muthanso kulumikizana ndi mabanja ena omwe ana awo akukhala ndi microcephaly. Magulu othandizira ndi madera omwe ali pa intaneti atha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi vuto la mwana wanu komanso kukuthandizani kupeza zofunikira.

Kodi microcephaly ingapewe?

Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kupewa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, makamaka ngati chifukwa chake ndi chibadwa. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vutoli, mungafunefune upangiri wa majini.

itha kupereka mayankho ndi zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi magawo amoyo, kuphatikizapo:

• kukonzekera kutenga mimba
• pa mimba
• kusamalira ana
• kukhala wamkulu

Kupeza chithandizo choyenera cha amayi oyembekezera komanso kupewa kumwa mowa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mukakhala ndi pakati kungakuthandizeni kupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kuyezetsa magazi asanabadwe kumamupatsa mwayi dokotala wanu kuti adziwe momwe mayi alili, monga PKU yosalamulirika.

Akulangiza kuti amayi omwe ali ndi pakati sayenera kupita kumadera komwe kudabuka Zika virus kapena madera omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chofalikira kwa Zika.

CDC imalangiza azimayi omwe akuganiza zokhala ndi pakati kuti atsatire zomwezo kapena angalankhule ndi dokotala asanapite kumaderawa.