Multiple Myeloma: Kupweteka Kwamafupa ndi Zilonda

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa mafupa angapo a myeloma
• Chithandizo cha kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi zotupa
• Chithandizo chamankhwala
• Mankhwala achilengedwe
• Zowonjezera zachilengedwe
• Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali ya myeloma yambiri

Chidule

Multiple myeloma ndi mtundu wa khansa yamagazi. Amakhala m'maselo am'magazi, omwe amapangidwa m'mafupa, ndipo amachititsa kuti ma cell a khansa pamenepo achuluke mwachangu. Maselo a khansawa pamapeto pake amadzaza ndikuwononga plasma yabwinobwino ndi maselo am'magazi.

Maselo a plasma ali ndi udindo wopanga ma antibodies. Maselo a Myeloma amatha kuyambitsa kupanga ma antibodies achilendo, omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziyenda pang'onopang'ono. Matendawa amadziwikanso ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa zingapo.

Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mafupa ndi zochitika zambiri, zomwe zimatha kuphatikizira mafuta m'mafupa, monga:

• nthiti
• mchiuno
• mapewa
• msana
• mafupa a m'chiuno

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa mafupa angapo a myeloma

Multiple myeloma imatha kuyambitsa mawanga ofewa m'mafupa otchedwa osteolytic zilonda, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mabowo pa X-ray. Zilonda za osteolytic ndizopweteka ndipo zimatha kuonjezera ngozi zophulika kapena zopasuka.

Myeloma ikhozanso kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kapena kupweteka pakakhala chotupa cholimbana ndi mitsempha. Zotupa zimatha kuponderezanso msana, zomwe zimatha kupweteketsa msana komanso kufooka kwa minofu.

Malinga ndi Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation, pafupifupi 85% ya odwala omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi myeloma angapo amataya mafupa komanso kuwawa komwe kumachitika.

Chithandizo cha kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi zotupa

Multiple myeloma ikhoza kukhala yopweteka. Ngakhale kuchiza myeloma komwe kuli koyambirira, njira zingapo zamankhwala zilipo zomwe zimangoganizira zokhazokha kupweteka kwanu. Njira zamankhwala ndi zachilengedwe zitha kuchiza zowawa ndi zotupa.

Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala musanayambe mankhwala atsopano. Mankhwala opweteka amatha kuthandiza kupweteka kwa mafupa koma sangalepheretse myeloma kukulira yokha.

Chithandizo chamankhwala

Zosankha zamankhwala ndi izi:

• “Zotsatira”Ndi ambulera ya mankhwala osiyanasiyana opewetsa ululu. Ma analgesics omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi ma opioid ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga morphine kapena codeine.
• Bisphosphonates Ndi mankhwala akuchipatala omwe angalepheretse kuti mafupa asasweke ndikuwononga fupa. Mutha kuwamwa pakamwa kapena kuwalandira kudzera mumitsempha (kudzera m'mitsempha).
• Ma anticonvulsants ndipo mankhwala opatsirana pogonana Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu womwe umadza chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kusokoneza kapena kuchepetsa zizindikilo zopweteka zomwe zimatumizidwa kuubongo kuchokera ku selo yamitsempha.
• Opaleshoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza zophulika.Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuchitidwa opareshoni kuti muike timitengo kapena mbale mu mphako kuti muthandizire mafupa osalimba.
• Thandizo la radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera kufufuta zotupa. Izi zitha kuthandiza kutulutsa misempha yolimbikira kapena zingwe zopindika za msana.

Muyenera kupewa mankhwala owonjezera (OTC) popeza amatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala anu opweteka kapena mankhwala a khansa. Funsani dokotala musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse a OTC.

Mankhwala achilengedwe

Mankhwala achilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi njira zamankhwala monga mankhwala ndi opaleshoni. Zithandizo zachilengedwe zimatha kupatsa mpumulo wamphamvu ndikuphatikizira:

• chithandizo chamankhwala, zomwe zingaphatikizepo zomangirira mwamphamvu kapena zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa kuyenda kapena kulimba kwa dera lathupi pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwa mafupa kapena opaleshoni
• masewera olimbitsa thupi, Zomwe zingalimbikitse mafupa athanzi ndikuchepetsa ululu wamtsogolo
• mankhwala kutikita, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa minofu, kulumikizana, komanso mafupa
• kutema mphini, Imeneyi ndi mankhwala otetezeka opititsa patsogolo thanzi lamitsempha komanso othandizira kupweteka kwa mafupa

Zowonjezera zachilengedwe

Zowonjezera zachilengedwe zina zimatha kuthandizira thanzi lanu lonse ndikukhala gawo la ululu wanu. Koma atha, monga mankhwala a OTC, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa kale.

Musatenge zowonjezera zatsopano musanalankhule ndi dokotala wanu.

Zowonjezera zachilengedwe zitha kuphatikiza mafuta a nsomba ndi magnesium:

• Makapisozi a mafuta a nsomba ndi madzi amakhala ndi omega-3 fatty acids ambiri, omwe amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwamitsempha ndi kutupa.
• Magnesium ikhoza:
  • kusintha thanzi la mitsempha
  • kulimbitsa mafupa
  • pewani kupweteka kwa mafupa mtsogolo
  • onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa calcium kuti muchepetse hypercalcemia

Ngakhale anthu ena amatenga zowonjezera calcium pofuna kulimbitsa mafupa, izi zitha kukhala zowopsa. Ndi calcium kuchokera m'mafupa osweka omwe amasefukira kale m'magazi, kuwonjezera zowonjezera calcium kumatha kubweretsa hypercalcemia (kukhala ndi calcium yambiri m'magazi).

Musatenge chowonjezera ichi popanda dokotala kukulangizani kuti mutero.

Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali ya myeloma yambiri

Multiple myeloma ndi vuto lokha lokha, koma khansara komanso kuwonongeka kwa mafupa kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zingapo kwakanthawi. Chodziwikiratu kwambiri pazotsatira zazitali izi ndikufooka kwamfupa komanso kupweteka.

Zilonda ndi malo ofewa m'mafupa omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha myeloma ndi ovuta kuchiza ndipo amatha kuyambitsa zophulika ngakhale kuti myeloma yomwe ija yakhululukidwa.

Ngati zotupa zikulimbana ndimitsempha kapena kupsinjika kwa msana, mutha kuwonongeka kwamankhwala kwakanthawi. Popeza mankhwala ena a myeloma amathanso kuwononga mitsempha, anthu ambiri amayamba kumva kuwawa kapena kupweteka m'malo owonongeka kwamitsempha.

Mankhwala alipo kuti akuthandizeni, monga pregabalin (Lyrica) kapena duloxetine (Cymbalta). Muthanso kuvala masokosi otakasuka ndi zotsekera zokhala ndi zikwangwani ndikuyenda pafupipafupi kuti muchepetse ululu.