Kodi lymphatic system ndi chiyani, imagwira ntchito bwanji komanso matenda okhudzana nayo

Zamkati

• Zochitika zokhudzana ndi ma lymphatic system
• 1. Filariasis
• 2. Khansa
• 3. Kuvulala kwa ziwalo zomwe zili mbali ya mitsempha yodutsitsa magazi
• 4. Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi
• Anatomy ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi
• 1. Chifuwa
• 2. Ma capillaries ndi zotengera zam'mimba
• 3. Miphika ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi
• 4. Ziwalo zam'mimba
• Kodi ngalande ya lymphatic ndi chiyani

The lymphatic system is a complex of lymphoid viungo, zimakhala, zotengera ndi ma ducts, omwe amagawidwa mthupi lonse, omwe ntchito zake zazikulu ndikupanga ndikukhwimitsa chitetezo chamthupi, kuphatikiza kukhetsa ndi kusefa madzi owonjezera mthupi., kulitsogolera kulowa m'magazi.

Kutenga kwamadzimadzi kotchedwa lymph, kumachitika kudzera m'mitsempha yama capillaries, yomwe ndi zotengera zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimalumikizana ndi ma cell, ndipo zikafika pamizere yayikulu ya thupi, ma capillaries amakhala zotengera zazikulu za mitsempha yamagazi. Pakazunguliridwa m'mitsempha yama lymphatic, ma lymph amapita m'matumba, monga ma lymph node, adenoids ndi ndulu, yomwe imathandizira kupanga, kusunga ndi kusasitsa kwa ma chitetezo cha mthupi, monga ma lymphocyte, omwe amateteza ndikumenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akunja .

Zochitika zokhudzana ndi ma lymphatic system

Zinthu zina zimatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, monga:

1. Filariasis

Filariasis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti elephantiasis, ndi amodzi mwamatenda akulu am'mimba ndipo amayambitsidwa ndi tiziromboti Wuchereria bancrofti, yomwe imafalikira kwa anthu kudzera mwa kulumidwa ndi udzudzu Culex sp .. Mu matendawa, tizilomboto timafikira mumitsempha yamagazi ndipo imayambitsa kutsekeka kwa zotupazo zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwalo chomwe chidalephereka kufalikira kwake. Dziwani zambiri pazizindikiro za filariasis.

2. Khansa

Mitundu ina ya khansa imatha kusokoneza kufalikira kwa mitsempha yofikira m'mimba mwa ziwalo zawo ndi ziwalo zawo, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi lymphoma, momwe muli kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte, omwe ndi maselo omwe amateteza thupi komanso omwe ndi gawo limodzi ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte, amadzikundikira ndipo amadzetsa chotupa, kuphatikiza pakufalitsa kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mitsempha yama lymphatic imatha kusinthidwa chifukwa cha metastasis kapena kukula kwa zotupa, monga bere, m'mimba kapena mutu ndi khosi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a mitsempha yodutsitsa magazi.

Onani zomwe zingayambitse khansa yam'mimba.

3. Kuvulala kwa ziwalo zomwe zili mbali ya mitsempha yodutsitsa magazi

Zilonda zam'mafupa, ndulu, ma lymph node kapena ndulu, zomwe ndi ziwalo zomwe zimapanga ma lymphatic system, chifukwa cha kumenyedwa kapena chifukwa chothandizidwa zimatha kusinthanso kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi. Izi zitha kuchitika makamaka kwa azimayi omwe adachitapo chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi ma radiography, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa ma lymph, kuphatikizanso kuti amachotsedwa ma lymph node m'dera lam'mimba.

4. Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi

Kusokonekera kwamitsempha yamagazi kumapangitsanso kusintha kwa kufalikira kwa ma lymph ndipo kumachitika pafupipafupi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa zotengera kapena ma lymph node.

Mwa kusokoneza kufalikira kolondola kwa ma lymph m'magazi, izi zimapangitsa kuti lymphedema, yomwe ndi kutupa mthupi komwe kumatulutsidwa ndimatenda amadzimadzi m'matupi amthupi.

Anatomy ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi

Dongosolo lofunika ili limapangidwa ndi maukonde ovuta a maselo, zotengera, zotupa ndi ziwalo, zomwe zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo:

1. Chifuwa

Ndi madzi amadzimadzi omwe amayenda mozungulira, nthawi zambiri amachokera pakudontha kwa madzi kuchokera mumtsinje wamagazi kupita minyewa yoyandikana ndi maselo.

Ntchito: madzi akunja kwa zotengera amatha kusambitsa ma cell, ndikupereka michere yofunikira, koma akagwidwa ndimitsempha yamagazi, imakhala lymph, yomwe imapita kumtima, kuti ibwerere kumagazi.

2. Ma capillaries ndi zotengera zam'mimba

Ma capillaries ndi zotengera zazing'ono, zopyapyala zamagazi, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi maselo amthupi ndikutenga zakumwa, ndipo zimatenga zotupa kumtima, zimakula ndikupanga zotengera zazikulu zam'madzi ndi ma ducts.

Ntchito: kulanda ndi kuyamwa madzi ndi mapuloteni ozungulira ma cell, kuteteza kupezeka kwa madzi ndi kutupa mthupi.

3. Miphika ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi

Ndi njira zazikulu zam'mimba, zotchedwa thoracic duct ndi njira yolondola ya lymphatic, komwe kuzungulira kwa mitsempha kumayenda musanafike m'magazi.

Ntchito: chingwe cha thoracic chimasonkhanitsa ndikunyamula ma lymph ambiri amthupi kumwazi, pomwe njira yolumikizira ma lymphatic imathandizira kukhetsa zam'mimba kuchokera kumanja lonse lakumanja ndikumanja kwa mutu, khosi ndi chifuwa m'magazi.

4. Ziwalo zam'mimba

Ndi ziwalo zomwe zimafalikira panjira yazombo zam'mimba, zomwe zimakhala ndi kukula, kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, ndipo zimatha kulimbikitsidwa pakagwidwa matenda kapena kutupa. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:

• M'mafupa: ndi kapangidwe kamene kali mkati mwa mafupa akulu, kamene kamagwira ntchito yopanga maselo osiyanasiyana omwe amapanga kufalikira kwa thupi, kuphatikiza ma lymphocyte, omwe ndi maselo oteteza mchitidwe wamitsempha;
• thymus: ndi chimbudzi chomwe chili kumtunda kwa chifuwa, chomwe chimagwira ntchito yopanga ndikuchulukitsa ma lymphocyte a T omwe amachokera m'mafupa, omwe amapita kumatumba ena am'magazi, momwe amathandizira kuti chitetezo chamthupi chitetezeke;
• Matenda am'mimba: ndi ziwalo zazing'ono zozungulira, zomwe zimafalikira m'zotengera zam'mimba, zomwe zimayambitsa kusefa ma lymph, kuchotsa tizilombo, monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, ndi tinthu tina tomwe timazungulira, kuphatikiza pakukhala ndi kusasitsa kwa ma lymph node, omwe ali okonzeka kuchitapo kanthu polimbana ndi matenda.
• Nkhumba: ndi chiwalo chachikulu cha lymphatic, chomwe chili kumtunda chakumanzere kwa mimba, chomwe chimasunga ma lymphocyte, komanso kusungunula magazi, kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi maselo okalamba.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali matani, omwe amadziwika kuti matani ndi adenoids, omwe ndi magulu am'magazi, omwe amapezeka pakamwa, kumunsi kwa lilime ndi pharynx, kuphatikiza pa zikwangwani za Peyer, zomwe zili m'matumbo, zomwe zimathandizanso kutulutsa maselo m'thupi: kuteteza m'thupi ndikuthandizira kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kodi ngalande ya lymphatic ndi chiyani

Ngalande yama lymphatic ndi njira yomwe imakhala yopanga kutikita minofu kosalala, komwe kumalimbikitsa ndikuthandizira kufalikira kwa ma lymph kudzera mumitsuko yake, ndikufikira magazi mwachangu.

Popeza mitsempha yopanda ma lymphatic ilibe kupopera, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mtima wamagazi, kutikita kumeneku kumatha kuthandizira kubwezera ma lymph, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la ziwiya izi komanso omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chopeza madzi m'matumba .

Mukamaliza ndi njira yolondola, njirayi ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kuthetsa kutupa kulikonse pankhope kapena thupi. Onani zabwino zake ndi momwe ma lymphatic drainage amachitikira.