Zomwe zimayambitsa kung'ung'udza mtima ndi momwe mungachitire

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zimapangitsa kudandaula mtima
• Mtima wachinyamata ukudandaula
• Kung'ung'uza mtima kwa akulu
• Momwe muyenera kuchitira
• Chithandizo ndi mankhwala
• Chithandizo ndi opaleshoni
• Mtima kung'ung'udza pa mimba

Kung'ung'udza ndikumveka kwa chipwirikiti chomwe chimavutika ndi magazi panthawi yomwe idutsa pamtima, ikamadutsa mavavu kapena kuwombana ndi minofu yake. Sikuti kung'ung'udza kulikonse kumawonetsa matenda amtima, monga zimachitikira anthu ambiri athanzi, pokhala, munthawi imeneyi, amatchedwa kung'ung'udza kapena kulimbitsa thupi.

Komabe, kung'ung'udza kungathenso kuwonetsa kupindika kwa mavavu amtima, m'mitsempha ya mtima kapena matenda omwe amasintha kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga rheumatic fever, kuchepa magazi, kupindika kwa mitral valve kapena matenda obadwa nawo, mwachitsanzo.

Nthawi zina izi zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga kupuma movutikira, kutupa mthupi ndi kugundana ndipo, munthawi izi, chithandizo chiyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kuchita opaleshoni, motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wamatenda.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zambiri, kung'ung'uza mtima sikutsatiridwa ndi zizindikilo kapena zizindikilo zina, ndipo kupezeka kwake kokha sikowopsa. Komabe, ngati kung'ung'udza kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe amayambitsa zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima, zitha kuwoneka kuti zikuwonetsa zovuta pakupopa magazi komanso kupangitsa mpweya wa maselo kukhala wofunikira.

Zina mwazizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kupuma pang'ono;
• Chifuwa;
• Kupindika;
• Kufooka.

Kwa ana, zimakhala zachilendo kuzindikira kuvutika kuyamwitsa, kufooka komanso kupezeka kwa pakamwa ndi manja, ndipo izi zimachitika chifukwa chovutitsa magazi magazi, popeza mtima sugwira bwino ntchito.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kudandaula mtima

Kung'ung'uza mtima ndi chizindikiro, chomwe chimatha kukhala chamoyo, koma chitha kuwonetsanso mtundu wina wamasinthidwe kapena matenda, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, akuluakulu ndi ana.

Mtima wachinyamata ukudandaula

Kwa makanda ndi ana, chomwe chimayambitsa kung'ung'udza ndi chosaopsa ndipo chimazimiririka pakapita nthawi, nthawi zambiri chifukwa chosowa kwa zomangamanga, zomwe sizingafanane.

Komabe, zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakupezeka kwa matenda obadwa nawo mumapangidwe amtima, omwe amabadwa kale ndi mwanayo, chifukwa chamatenda amtundu kapena zopitilira pathupi, monga matenda a rubella, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, uchidakwa kapena Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi woyembekezera. Pali mitundu ingapo, koma zopindika zomwe zimayambitsa mpweya ndi izi:

• Zolakwika m'zipinda kapena mavavu amtima, monga mitral valve prolapse, bicuspid aortic valve, aortic stenosis kapena aortic coarctation, mwachitsanzo;
• Kuyankhulana pakati pa zipinda zamtima, zomwe zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuchedwa kapena kutayika pakutseka kwa zipinda zamtima, ndipo zitsanzo zina ndizolimbikira kwa ductus arteriosus, kulumikizana kwamatenda kapena kulumikizana, zolakwika mu septum ya atrioventricular ndi tetralogy ya Fallot.

Zinthu zofatsa zimatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wa matenda a ana, kapena kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga mankhwala odana ndi zotupa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikira kwa ductus arteriosus. Komabe, pamene kusinthaku kuli kovuta, mpaka kufika pochititsa zizindikilo monga pakamwa ndi ziwalo zofiirira, ndikofunikira kukonzekera opaleshoni.

Dziwani zambiri za momwe mungadziwire matenda obadwa nawo amtima.

Kung'ung'uza mtima kwa akulu

Kung'ung'udza mtima kwa akulu sikukuwonetsanso kupezeka kwa matenda, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, ndizotheka kukhala nawo mwachizolowezi, ndipo amatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi atamasulidwa ndi katswiri wamatenda. Komabe, kupezeka kwa chizindikirochi kungatanthauzenso kukhalapo kwa kusintha, monga:

• Kupendekera kwa imodzi kapena zingapo mavavu amtima, wotchedwa stenosis, chifukwa cha matenda monga rheumatic fever, calcification chifukwa cha msinkhu, chotupa kapena kutupa chifukwa cha matenda amtima, mwachitsanzo, omwe amalepheretsa magazi kuyenda mwa kugunda kwa mtima;
• Kusakwanira kwa ma valavu amodzi kapena angapo, chifukwa cha matenda monga kufalikira kwa mitral valavu, rheumatic fever, dilation kapena hypertrophy yamtima kapena mtundu wina wamasinthidwe womwe umalepheretsa kutsekedwa kolondola kwa ma valves panthawi yopopera mtima;
• Matenda omwe amasintha magazi, monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena hyperthyroidism, komwe kumapangitsa kuti magazi azizungulira akamadutsa.

Kuzindikira kwa kung'ung'udza kwa mtima kumatha kuchitidwa ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wamtima panthawi yoyezetsa mtima, ndipo kutsimikizika kwake kumapangidwa ndi mayeso ojambula, monga echocardiography.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chazunguliridwe za mtima wamthupi sichofunikira, ndikutsata miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena khumi ndi iwiri ndi katswiri wamatenda. Komabe, ngati pali zizindikiro kapena kuwonetseredwa kwamankhwala a matenda aliwonse, mtima umayenera kuthandizidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena opaleshoni.

Chithandizo ndi mankhwala

Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuyendetsa ntchito ya mtima, ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mafupipafupi monga propranolol, metoprolol, verapamil kapena digoxin, omwe amachepetsa kusungunuka kwa madzi m'mapapu, monga diuretics, ndi omwe amachititsa kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndikuthandizira kudutsa magazi kudzera mumitsempha, monga hydralazine ndi enalapril.

Chithandizo ndi opaleshoni

Kuchita opaleshoni kumawonetsedwa ndi katswiri wa zamatenda komanso wopanga opaleshoni ya mtima, atawunika zinthu monga zizindikilo zomwe sizikupita patsogolo ndi mankhwala, kuuma kwa chilema mumtima komanso kupezeka kwa zizindikilo zina, monga mtima kulephera kapena arrhythmia.

Zosankha za opaleshoni ndi izi:

• Kukonzekera kwa baluni kwa valve, zopangidwa ndikukhazikitsa katemera ndi kusowa kwa buluni, kuwonetsedwa kwambiri pakamachepetsa;
• Kukonza mwa opaleshoni, wopangidwa ndikutsegulidwa kwa chifuwa ndi mtima kukonza zolakwika mu valavu kapena minofu;
• Valve m'malo opangira, yomwe ingasinthidwe ndi valavu yopangira kapena yachitsulo.

Mtundu wa opareshoni umasiyananso malinga ndi vuto lililonse komanso ndi malingaliro a katswiri wa zamankhwala komanso wochita opaleshoni ya mtima.

Kuchira koyamba kuchokera ku opaleshoni yamtima nthawi zambiri kumachitika ku ICU pafupifupi 1 mpaka masiku awiri. Kenako munthuyo apitilizidwa kuchipatala, komwe amakayezetsa matenda a mtima mpaka atapita kunyumba, komwe amakhala milungu ingapo mosavutikira ndikuchira.

Panthawi yochira, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi chakudya chamagulu ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Dziwani zambiri zakutsogolo kwa opareshoni yamtima.

Mtima kung'ung'udza pa mimba

Amayi omwe ali ndi vuto linalake lakumtima mwakachetechete kapena kung'ung'udza mtima pang'ono, kutenga mimba kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwamankhwala, kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kupuma movutikira komanso kupindika. Izi ndichifukwa choti, munthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumachuluka komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi opopedwa ndi mtima, zomwe zimafunikira ntchito yambiri ndi limba. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zingayambitse mpweya wochepa mukakhala ndi pakati.

Zikatero, mankhwala ndi mankhwala amatha kuchitidwa kuti athetse vutoli, ndipo ngati palibe kusintha kulikonse ndikuchitidwa opaleshoni, makamaka zimachitika pambuyo pa trimester yachiwiri, pomwe mimba ndiyokhazikika.