Mitundu ya Opaleshoni ya Nsagwada ndi Zifukwa za Iliyonse

Zamkati

• Chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni ya nsagwada yachitika?
• Matenda a Maxillary
• Ndondomeko yachidule
• Matenda osakanikirana
• Ndondomeko yachidule
• Matenda a bimaxillary
• Ndondomeko yachidule
• Genioplasty
• Ndondomeko yachidule
• Opaleshoni ya TMJ
• Kodi ndingayembekezere zotani zisanachitike?
• Asanachite opaleshoni
• Pa opaleshoni
• Kuchira
• Zowopsa zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi opaleshoni ya nsagwada imawononga ndalama zingati?
• Tengera kwina

Kuchita nsagwada kumatha kusintha nsagwada. Amatchulidwanso kuti opaleshoni ya orthognathic. Zimachitidwa ndi madokotala apakamwa kapena maxillofacial ogwira ntchito limodzi ndi orthodontist nthawi zambiri.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe opaleshoni ya nsagwada ingalimbikitsire. Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni ya nsagwada imatha kusintha kuluma kosayenera chifukwa cha kukula kwa nsagwada kapena kukonza kuvulala.

Pitirizani kuwerenga pamene tikulowerera mkati mwa mitundu ya opaleshoni ya nsagwada, ikamachitika, ndi zina zambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni ya nsagwada yachitika?

Kuchita nsagwada kungalimbikitsidwe ngati muli ndi vuto la nsagwada zomwe sizingayankhidwe ndi orthodontics zokha. Orthodontics ndi mtundu wapadera wa mano opangira mawonekedwe a nsagwada ndi mano.

Dokotala wanu wa zamankhwala komanso opatsirana pakamwa adzagwira ntchito limodzi kuti athandizire kukhazikitsa dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe likugwirizana ndi vuto lanu.

Zitsanzo zina za zinthu zomwe opaleshoni ya nsagwada zingathandize nazo ndi monga:

• kusintha kuluma kwanu, ndi momwe mano anu amagwirira ntchito pakamwa panu patatsekedwa
• kukonza zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kufanana kwa nkhope yanu
• kuthandiza kuchepetsa ululu chifukwa cha vuto la temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• kukonza chovulala kapena vuto lobadwa nalo lomwe limakhudza nkhope, monga phazi lamkati
• kuletsa kupitiriza kunyeka ndi mano
• kupanga zinthu monga kuluma, kutafuna, kapena kumeza mosavuta
• kuthana ndi mavuto opuma, monga kupuma pakamwa komanso kulepheretsa kugona

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopangira nsagwada pambuyo poti nsagwada zasiya kukula, makamaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20 kapena 20s.

Matenda a Maxillary

Maxillary osteotomy ndi opaleshoni yomwe yachitika pa nsagwada yanu yakumtunda (maxilla).

Zinthu zomwe zingafune kuti maxillary osteotomy iphatikizepo:

• nsagwada chapamwamba chomwe chimatuluka kapena kubwerera kumbuyo kwambiri
• kuluma kotseguka, ndipamene mano akumbuyo (molars) samakhudza mukatseka pakamwa panu
• crossbite, pomwe ena mano anu apansi amakhala kunja kwa mano anu akumwamba mukatseka pakamwa panu
• midfacial hyperplasia, womwe ndi mkhalidwe womwe kukula pakati pagawo lanu kumachepa

Ndondomeko yachidule

Pochita izi, dokotalayo:

1. pangani cheka m'kamwa pamwamba pa mano anu akumwamba, kuwalola kuti athe kufikira mafupa a nsagwada yanu yakumtunda
2. kudula mu fupa la chibwano chanu chapamwamba m'njira yomwe imawalola kuti azisuntha ngati gawo limodzi
3. suntha gawo ili la nsagwada yanu patsogolo kuti igwirizane ndikukwana bwino ndi mano anu akumunsi
4. mbale mbale kapena zomangira kuti mafupa asinthidwe m'malo ake atsopano
5. Gwiritsani ntchito zokopa kuti mutseke pang'ono m'kamwa mwanu

Matenda osakanikirana

Mandibular osteotomy amatanthauza opaleshoni yomwe imachitika pa nsagwada (mandible). Nthawi zambiri zimachitika nsagwada zanu zakumunsi zituluka kapena kutsika kwambiri.

Ndondomeko yachidule

Mukakhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, dokotala wanu:

1. pangani mkanda m'kamwa mwanu mbali zonse za nsagwada yanu, kuseri kwa nkhono zanu
2. kudula fupa la nsagwada zakumunsi, zomwe zimathandiza dokotalayo kuti ayendetse mosamala pamalo atsopano
3. suntha nsagwada yakumunsi mwina kutsogolo kapena chammbuyo kumalo atsopano
4. mbale mbale kapena zomangira kuti zigwire nsagwada yomwe yasinthidwa pamalo ake atsopano
5. tsekani zochekera m'kamwa mwanu ndi ulusi

Matenda a bimaxillary

Bimaxillary osteotomy ndi opaleshoni yochitidwa pa nsagwada yanu yakumtunda komanso yakumunsi. Zimachitika pamene vuto limakhudza nsagwada zonse.

Ndondomeko yachidule

Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshonizi ndi zomwe tidakambirana pakuwunika kwa ma maxillary and mandibular osteotomy.

Chifukwa kugwira nsagwada kumtunda ndi kumunsi kumakhala kovuta, dotolo wanu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya ma 3-D kuti athandizire kukonza opaleshoniyi.

Genioplasty

Genioplasty ndi opaleshoni pachibwano. Ikhoza kuthandizira kukonza chibwano. Nthawi zina amatha kuchitidwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amachititsa kuti nsagwada zisinthe.

Ndondomeko yachidule

Pakati pa genioplasty, dokotalayo:

1. panga ching'amba m'kamwa mwako mozungulira mlomo wakumunsi
2. kudula gawo la chinbone, lomwe limalola kuti azisuntha
3. sungani mosamala chinbone pamalo ake atsopano
4. ikani mbale zazing'ono kapena zomangira kuti zithandizire kugwira fupa losinthidwa pamalo ake atsopano
5. kutseka incision ndi stitches

Opaleshoni ya TMJ

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuchitidwa opareshoni ya TMJ ngati mankhwala ena sanathandize kuthana ndi matenda anu a TMJ.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya opareshoni ya TMJ:

• Arthrocentesis. Arthrocentesis ndi njira yowonongeka yomwe imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito singano zing'onozing'ono kuti mulowetse madzi mu TMJ. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuthira mafuta olumikizira ndikutsuka zinyalala zilizonse zomwe zatsalira kapena zotulukapo zotupa.
• Zojambulajambula. Pakati pa arthroscopy, chubu chochepa kwambiri chotchedwa cannula chimalowetsedwa mgwirizanowu. Dokotalayo amagwiritsa ntchito kachilombo kakang'ono (arthroscope) ndi zida zing'onozing'ono zogwiritsira ntchito palimodzi.
• Tsegulani opareshoni yolumikizana. Opaleshoni yotseguka (arthrotomy) ndiye mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa opareshoni ya TMJ. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chodulira chimapangidwa patsogolo pa khutu lanu. Dokotala wanu amatha kugwira ntchito m'malo kapena kuchotsa zida za TMJ zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Kodi ndingayembekezere zotani zisanachitike?

Pansipa, tiwunika zomwe mungayembekezere mukamachita opaleshoni ya nsagwada.

Asanachite opaleshoni

Nthawi zambiri, orthodontist waika ma brace kapena aligners pamano anu miyezi ingapo musanachite opareshoni. Izi zimathandizira kugwirizanitsa mano anu pokonzekera njira yanu.

Muyenera kuti mudzapatsidwa maofesi angapo asanachitike opareshoni. Izi zimathandiza dokotala wanu wamankhwala ndi dotolo kukonzekera njira yanu. Kukonzekera kungaphatikizepo kutenga miyeso, nkhungu, kapena X-ray pakamwa panu.

Nthawi zina, mawonekedwe a 3-D pakompyuta amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Pa opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ya nsagwada imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzagona nthawi yanu.

Maopaleshoni ambiri amatenga maola awiri kapena asanu, koma kutalika kwa nthawi kumadalira momwe akuchitira.

Mukamachita opaleshoni ya nsagwada, zochekera zambiri zimapangidwa mkamwa mwanu, ngakhale nthawi zina zimapangidwa pang'ono kunja.

Ponseponse, kumangirira kumaso kapena pachibwano sikungatheke.

Kuchira

Anthu ambiri amakhala mchipatala kwa masiku 1 kapena 4 atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Mukakwanitsa kutuluka mchipatala, adokotala amakupatsani malangizo azakudya ndi ukhondo wam'kamwa. Ndikofunika kutsatira malangizowa mosamala mukamachira.

Pambuyo pa opareshoni yanu, sizachilendo kukhala ndi kutupa, kuuma, komanso kusowa nkhope ndi nsagwada. Izi ziyenera kupita pakapita nthawi.

Pakadali pano, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala kuti athetse vutoli.

Nthawi zina, mutha kukhala ndi dzanzi pakamwa panu pamwamba kapena pansi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo zimatha milungu ingapo kapena miyezi. Nthawi zambiri, zitha kukhala zachikhalire.

Kubwezeretsa kumatha kutenga kulikonse pakati pa masabata 6 mpaka 12. Pambuyo pakachira milungu ingapo, orthodontist wanu apitiliza kulumikiza mano anu ndi zolimba.

Ma brace anu akachotsedwa, orthodontist wanu amakupatsani chosungira kuti mano anu azigwirizana.

Zowopsa zake ndi ziti?

Kuchita opaleshoni pa nsagwada kumakhala kotetezeka kwambiri.

Komabe, monga opaleshoni iliyonse, ili ndi zoopsa zina. Dokotala wanu akuyenera kukudziwitsani za zoopsa izi musanachitike.

Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike pakuchita opaleshoni ya nsagwada ndi monga:

• zoipa anachita ndi ochititsa dzanzi
• kutaya magazi kwambiri
• matenda pamalo opangira opaleshoni
• kuvulala kwa mitsempha ya nsagwada
• kusweka kwa nsagwada
• mavuto ndikulumidwa kapena mayendedwe pambuyo poti achite opaleshoni, zomwe zingafune njira zina
• kubwerera kwa nsagwada kubwerera pamalo ake oyamba
• ululu watsopano wa TMJ

Ma opaleshoni ena atha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka poyerekeza ndi ena.

Kafukufuku wa 2019 adapeza kuti anthu omwe adadwala matenda a bimaxillary osteotomy anali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha zovuta poyerekeza ndi omwe adachita ma maxillary kapena mandibular osteotomy okha.

Kodi opaleshoni ya nsagwada imawononga ndalama zingati?

Mtengo wa opaleshoni ya nsagwada umatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga:

• dokotalayo
• ndondomeko
• malo anu

Komanso, kumbukirani kuti mtengo wonse wa opaleshoni ya nsagwada umaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo, monga:

• chindapusa cha dotolo
• chindapusa cha malo
• chindapusa
• mayesero ena aliwonse omwe amachitika
• mankhwala aliwonse omwe apatsidwa

Nthawi zonse funsani ndi omwe amakupatsani inshuwaransi kuti muwone zomwe zikuphimbidwa musanachite opaleshoni ya nsagwada. Makampani ambiri a inshuwaransi amalipira opaleshoni ya nsagwada ngati zingathetse vuto linalake kapena zovuta zaumoyo.

Tengera kwina

Kuchita opaleshoni ya nsagwada kumachitidwa kuti muthandizire kukonza kapena kukonza kusintha kwa nsagwada. Zitha kuphatikizira nsagwada yanu yakumtunda, nsagwada, kapena zonse ziwiri.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya opaleshoni ya nsagwada yomwe ilipo. Dokotala wanu wamankhwala ndi dotolo azigwirira ntchito limodzi kuti akonze njira zothetsera vuto lanu.

Ngakhale opaleshoni ya nsagwada nthawi zambiri imakhala yotetezeka, pali zovuta zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi izi. Dokotala wanu akuyenera kukudziwitsani izi musanachite opaleshoni.

Mtengo wa opaleshoni ya nsagwada umadalira zinthu zingapo, monga dotolo wa opaleshoni ndi mtundu wa opaleshoni. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mutsimikizire zomwe inshuwaransi yanu imakhudza musanakonze dongosolo lanu.