Zojambulajambula za fetal

Fetal echocardiography ndiyeso lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amawu (ultrasound) kuyesa mtima wamwana pamavuto asanabadwe.

Fetal echocardiography ndiyeso lomwe limachitika mwana akadali m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mukakhala ndi mimba yachitatu. Apa ndipamene mzimayi amakhala ndi pakati pamasabata 18 mpaka 24.

Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi ya mimba ya ultrasound. Mudzagona pansi pochita izi.

Kuyesaku kumatha kuchitidwa pamimba mwanu (m'mimba mwa ultrasound) kapena kudzera mumaliseche anu (transvaginal ultrasound).

Mu ultrasound ya m'mimba, munthu yemwe akuyesa mayeserowa amaika gel osalala, wamadzi pamimba panu. Kafukufuku wonyamula m'manja amasunthidwa mderalo. Kafukufukuyu amatumiza mafunde amawu, omwe amachokera pamtima wa mwana ndikupanga chithunzi cha mtima pakompyuta.

Mu transvaginal ultrasound, kafukufuku wocheperako amayikidwa mu nyini. Ultrical transvaginal ultrasound imatha kuchitidwa koyambirira kwa pakati ndipo imapanga chithunzi chowoneka bwino kuposa ultrasound yam'mimba.

Palibe kukonzekera kwapadera komwe kumafunikira poyesaku.

Gel osakaniza akhoza kumverera kuzizira pang'ono ndi kunyowa. Simungamve mafunde a ultrasound.

Kuyesaku kumachitika kuti azindikire vuto la mtima mwana asanabadwe. Ikhoza kupereka chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha mtima wa mwanayo kuposa kukhala ndi pakati pafupipafupi ultrasound.

Mayeso atha kuwonetsa:

• Magazi amayenda kudutsa mumtima
• Nyimbo yamtima
• Mawonekedwe amtima wamwana

Mayeso atha kuchitika ngati:

• Kholo, m'bale kapena wachibale wapabanja anali ndi vuto la mtima kapena matenda amtima.
• Mimba yokhazikika ya ultrasound yazindikira kugunda kwamtima kapena vuto la mtima la mwana wosabadwa.
• Mayi ali ndi matenda ashuga (asanakhale ndi pakati), lupus, kapena phenylketonuria.
• Mayi ali ndi rubella pa trimester yoyamba ya mimba.
• Mayi wagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angawononge mtima wamwana yemwe akukula (monga mankhwala ena a khunyu ndi mankhwala aziphuphu).
• Amniocentesis idawulula vuto la chromosome.
• Palinso chifukwa china chokayikira kuti mwanayo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto amtima.

Echocardiogram simapeza mavuto mumtima wa mwana wosabadwa.

Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Vuto momwe mtima wamwana wapangidwira (matenda obadwa nawo amtima)
• Vuto ndi momwe mtima wamwana umagwirira ntchito
• Kusokonezeka kwamitima yamtima (arrhythmias)

Mayesowa angafunike kubwereza.

Palibe zoopsa zodziwika kwa mayi kapena mwana wosabadwa.

Zofooka zina za mtima sizimawoneka asanabadwe, ngakhale atakhala ndi fetal echocardiography. Izi zikuphatikiza mabowo ang'onoang'ono mumtima kapena mavuto amagetsi ochepa. Komanso, chifukwa mwina sizingatheke kuwona gawo lililonse la mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi ikutuluka mumtima mwa mwana, mavuto m'derali atha kupita osadziwika.

Ngati wothandizira zaumoyo apeza vuto mumtima, njira zowunikira za ultrasound zitha kuchitidwa kufunafuna mavuto ena ndi mwana yemwe akukula.

Donofrio MT, Mwezi-Grady AJ, Hornberger LK, et al. Kuzindikira ndikuchiza matenda amtima wa fetus: mawu asayansi ochokera ku American Heart Association. Kuzungulira. 2014; 129 (21): 2183-2242. PMID: 24763516 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763516. (Adasankhidwa)

Hagen-Ansert SL, Guthrie J. Fetal echocardiography: matenda obadwa nawo amtima. Mu: Hagen-Ansert SL, lolembedwa. Buku Lophunzirira Sonography. 8th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 36.

Chibwibwi ER, Drose JA. Mtima wa fetal. Mu: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. Kuzindikira Ultrasound. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 37.