Metformin

Zamkati

• Musanatenge metformin,
• Mankhwalawa amatha kusintha shuga m'magazi anu. Muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za shuga wotsika kwambiri komanso zomwe muyenera kuchita ngati muli ndi izi.
• Metformin imatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati chimodzi mwazizindikirozi ndi zoopsa, musachoke, pitani ndikubweranso, kapena musayambe kwakanthawi mutayamba kumwa metformin:
• Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingakhale zazikulu. Ngati mukumane ndi izi kapena zomwe zalembedwa M'CHENJEZO CHOFUNIKA KUDZIWA, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu kapena mupeze chithandizo chadzidzidzi:
• Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo zizindikiro za hypoglycemia komanso izi:

Metformin nthawi zambiri imayambitsa matenda oopsa, otchedwa lactic acidosis. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi matenda a impso. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musatenge metformin. Komanso, uzani dokotala ngati muli ndi zaka zopitilira 65 ndipo ngati mudadwalapo mtima; sitiroko; ketoacidosis ya shuga (shuga wamagazi wokwanira kwambiri kuti athe kuyambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa ndipo amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi); chikomokere; kapena matenda a mtima kapena chiwindi. Kutenga mankhwala ena ndi metformin kumatha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha lactic acidosis. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa acetazolamide (Diamox), dichlorphenamide (Keveyis), methazolamide, topiramate (Topamax, ku Qsymia), kapena zonisamide (Zonegran).

Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo ndi izi, kapena ngati mukukula mukalandira chithandizo: matenda akulu; kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, kusanza, kapena kutentha thupi; kapena ngati mumamwa madzi ocheperako kuposa masiku onse pazifukwa zilizonse. Muyenera kusiya kumwa metformin mpaka mutachira.

Ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo opaleshoni ya mano, kapena njira iliyonse yayikulu yazachipatala, uzani adotolo kuti mukumwa metformin. Komanso, auzeni dokotala ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi njira iliyonse ya x-ray yomwe amadyetsera utoto, makamaka ngati mumamwa kapena mumamwa mowa wambiri kapena mwakhala mukudwala matenda a chiwindi kapena mtima. Mungafunike kusiya kumwa metformin musanachitike, ndikudikirira maola 48 kuti muyambirenso kumwa mankhwala. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni nthawi yoyenera kusiya kumwa metformin komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kuyambiranso.

Ngati mukumane ndi izi, siyani kumwa metformin ndikumuimbira foni nthawi yomweyo: kutopa kwambiri, kufooka, kapena kusapeza bwino; nseru; kusanza; kupweteka m'mimba; kuchepa kwa njala; kupuma mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu kapena kupuma movutikira; chizungulire; mutu wopepuka; kuthamanga kapena kuchepa kwa mtima; khungu lakuthwa; kupweteka kwa minofu; kapena kumva kuzizira, makamaka m'manja kapena m'miyendo.

Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mumamwa mowa nthawi zonse kapena nthawi zina mumamwa mowa wambiri nthawi yochepa (kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa). Kumwa mowa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi lactic acidosis kapena kungayambitse shuga. Funsani dokotala wanu zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe muyenera kumwa mukamamwa metformin.

Sungani maimidwe onse ndi dokotala wanu ndi labotale. Dokotala wanu adzaitanitsa mayeso ena asanadye komanso mukamalandira chithandizo kuti muwone momwe impso zanu zikugwirira ntchito komanso momwe thupi lanu limayankhira ku metformin. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chiopsezo chotenga metformin.

Metformin imagwiritsidwa ntchito payokha kapena ndi mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza insulin, kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2 (momwe thupi siligwiritse ntchito insulini mwachizolowezi, chifukwa chake, silingathe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi). Metformin ali mgulu la mankhwala otchedwa biguanides. Metformin imathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga (shuga) m'magazi anu. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe mumamwa kuchokera pachakudya chanu komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga wopangidwa ndi chiwindi chanu. Metformin imathandizanso kuyankha kwa thupi lanu ku insulin, chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Metformin sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu woyamba 1 (momwe thupi silimatulutsa insulin motero silingathe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi).

Popita nthawi, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso shuga wambiri m'magazi amatha kukhala ndi mavuto owopsa kapena owopsa, kuphatikizapo matenda amtima, sitiroko, mavuto a impso, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, komanso mavuto amaso. Kumwa mankhwala (mankhwala), kusintha moyo wanu (mwachitsanzo, zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya kusuta), komanso kuwunika shuga wanu wamagazi pafupipafupi kungakuthandizeni kuthana ndi matenda anu ashuga komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima, sitiroko, kapena zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga monga impso kulephera, kuwonongeka kwamitsempha (dzanzi, miyendo yozizira kapena mapazi; kuchepa kwa kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi), mavuto amaso, kuphatikiza kusintha kutaya masomphenya, kapena matenda a chiseyeye. Dokotala wanu ndi ena othandizira zaumoyo adzakambirana nanu za njira yabwino yothetsera matenda anu ashuga.

Metformin imabwera ngati madzi, piritsi, komanso piritsi lotulutsa nthawi yayitali kuti mutenge pakamwa. Madziwo amatengedwa ndikudya kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku. Mapiritsi omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse amatengedwa ndikudya kawiri kapena katatu patsiku. Piritsi lotulutsira nthawi zambiri limatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse ndi chakudya chamadzulo. Kukuthandizani kukumbukira kukumbukira kutenga metformin, tengani mozungulira nthawi imodzimodzi tsiku lililonse. Tsatirani malangizo omwe mwalandira mosamala, ndikufunsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala kuti afotokoze gawo lililonse lomwe simukumvetsa. Tengani metformin ndendende momwe mwalangizira. Musamamwe pang'ono kapena kumamwa pafupipafupi kuposa momwe adanenera dokotala.

Kumeza mapiritsi otulutsa metformin owonjezera; osagawana, kutafuna, kapena kuwaphwanya.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wochepa wa metformin ndipo pang'onopang'ono muwonjezere mlingo wanu kangapo kamodzi pamasabata 1-2. Muyenera kuwunika shuga wanu wamagazi mosamala kuti dokotala athe kudziwa momwe metformin ikugwirira ntchito.

Metformin amawongolera matenda ashuga koma samachiritsa. Pitirizani kutenga metformin ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Osasiya kumwa metformin osalankhula ndi dokotala.

Funsani wamankhwala kapena dokotala wanu kuti mumupatseko zidziwitso za wopanga kwa wodwalayo.

Mankhwalawa amatha kupatsidwa ntchito zina; funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Musanatenge metformin,

• Uzani dokotala ndi wazamankhwala ngati muli ndi vuto la metformin, chilichonse mwazomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi metformin madzi kapena mapiritsi, kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse. Funsani wamankhwala wanu kapena onani zomwe wodwala akupanga kuti muwone mndandanda wazosakaniza.
• uzani dokotala ndi wamankhwala mankhwala ena akuchipatala ndi osapereka, mavitamini, zowonjezera zakudya, ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwatchulapo izi: amiloride (Midamor); ma angiotensin otembenuza enzyme (ACE) zoletsa monga benazepril (Lotensin, ku Lotrel), captopril, enalapril (Vasotec, mu Vaseretic), fosinopril, lisinopril (mu Zestoretic), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon) , ramipril (Altace), ndi trandolapril (Mavik); beta-blockers monga atenolol (Tenormin), labetalol (Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard, ku Corzide), ndi propranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal, InnoPran); calcium blockers monga amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia, Diltzac, ena), felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (Adalat, Afeditab CR, Procardia), nimodipine (Nymalize), nisoldipine (Sular), ndi verapamil (Calan, Covera, Verelan, ku Tarka); cimetidine (Tagamet); digoxin (Lanoxin); okodzetsa ('mapiritsi amadzi'); furosemide (Lasix); mankhwala othandizira mahomoni; insulin kapena mankhwala ena a shuga; isoniazid (Laniazid, ku Rifamate, ku Rifater); mankhwala a mphumu ndi chimfine; mankhwala a matenda amisala ndi nseru; mankhwala a matenda a chithokomiro; morphine (MS Contin, ena); kachilombo; njira zakulera zakumwa ('mapiritsi oletsa kubereka'); oral steroids monga dexamethasone, methylprednisolone (Medrol), ndi prednisone (Rayos); phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek); kupeza; quinidine (mu Nuedexta); quinine; ranitidine (Zantac); triamterene (Dyrenium, ku Maxzide, ena); trimethoprim (Primsol); kapena vancomycin (Vancocin). Dokotala wanu angafunike kusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala anu kapena kukuyang'anirani mosamala zotsatira zake.
• uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo kapena mudakhalapo ndi matenda aliwonse, makamaka omwe atchulidwa mgawo la CHENJEZO LOFUNIKA.
• Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi pakati, konzekerani kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa. Mukakhala ndi pakati mukatenga metformin, itanani dokotala wanu.
• uzani dokotala ngati mumadya pang'ono kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuposa masiku onse. Izi zingakhudze shuga wanu wamagazi. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo ngati izi zichitika.

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira zolimbitsa thupi komanso malingaliro azakudya zomwe adokotala anu kapena odyetsa. Ndikofunika kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi.

Tengani mlingo womwe mwaphonya mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati ili pafupi nthawi ya mlingo wotsatira, dumpha mlingo womwe umasowa ndikupitiliza dongosolo lanu lokhazikika. Musatenge mlingo wawiri kuti mupange omwe mwaphonya.

Mankhwalawa amatha kusintha shuga m'magazi anu. Muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za shuga wotsika kwambiri komanso zomwe muyenera kuchita ngati muli ndi izi.

Metformin imatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati chimodzi mwazizindikirozi ndi zoopsa, musachoke, pitani ndikubweranso, kapena musayambe kwakanthawi mutayamba kumwa metformin:

• kutsegula m'mimba
• kuphulika
• kupweteka m'mimba
• mpweya
• kudzimbidwa
• kudzimbidwa
• chosakoma chachitsulo pakamwa
• kutentha pa chifuwa
• mutu
• khungu lakuthwa
• msomali umasintha
• kupweteka kwa minofu

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingakhale zazikulu. Ngati mukumane ndi izi kapena zomwe zalembedwa M'CHENJEZO CHOFUNIKA KUDZIWA, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu kapena mupeze chithandizo chadzidzidzi:

• kupweteka pachifuwa
• zidzolo

Metformin imatha kubweretsa zovuta zina. Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zovuta zina mukamamwa mankhwalawa.

Mukakumana ndi zovuta zina, inu kapena adokotala mutha kutumiza lipoti ku pulogalamu ya Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting pa intaneti (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) kapena pafoni ( 1-800-332-1088).

Sungani mankhwala awa mu chidebe chomwe chidabwera, chatsekedwa mwamphamvu, komanso chosafikira ana. Zisunge kutentha komanso kutali ndi kuwala, kutentha kwambiri, ndi chinyezi (osati kubafa).

Mankhwala osafunikira ayenera kutayidwa munjira zapadera zowonetsetsa kuti ziweto, ana, ndi anthu ena sangamwe. Komabe, simuyenera kuthira mankhwalawa mchimbudzi. M'malo mwake, njira yabwino yoperekera mankhwala anu ndikadongosolo lobwezera mankhwala. Lankhulani ndi wamankhwala wanu kapena lemberani dipatimenti yakunyumba / yobwezeretsanso kwanuko kuti muphunzire zamapulogalamu obwezeretsanso mdera lanu. Onani tsamba la FDA's Disposal of Medicines webusayiti (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) kuti mumve zambiri ngati mulibe pulogalamu yobwezera.

Ndikofunika kuti mankhwala onse asamawonekere komanso kuti ana asamafikire ngati muli zidebe zambiri (monga mapiritsi a mlungu ndi mlungu ndi omwe amatsikira m'maso, mafuta, zigamba, ndi opumira) sizolimbana ndi ana ndipo ana aang'ono amatha kuzitsegula mosavuta. Pofuna kuteteza ana ang'ono kuti asatenge poyizoni, nthawi zonse tsekani zipewa zachitetezo ndikuyika mankhwalawo pamalo otetezeka - omwe ali pamwamba ndi kutali komanso osawonekera ndi kufikira. http://www.upandaway.org

Mukadwala mopitirira muyeso, itanani foni yothandizira poyizoni pa 1-800-222-1222. Zambiri zimapezekanso pa intaneti pa https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ngati wozunzidwayo wagwa, watenga khunyu, akuvutika kupuma, kapena sangathe kudzutsidwa, nthawi yomweyo itanani anthu azadzidzidzi ku 911.

Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo zizindikiro za hypoglycemia komanso izi:

• kutopa kwambiri
• kufooka
• kusapeza bwino
• kusanza
• nseru
• kupweteka m'mimba
• kuchepa kudya
• kupuma mwakathithi, mwachangu
• kupuma movutikira
• chizungulire
• wamisala
• kuthamanga kwa mtima mosafulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono
• khungu lakuthwa
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• kumva kuzizira

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani momwe mungayang'anire kuyankha kwanu ndi mankhwalawa poyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kunyumba. Tsatirani malangizowa mosamala.

Ngati mukumwa mapiritsi otulutsidwa, mutha kuwona china chake chomwe chikuwoneka ngati piritsi pampando wanu. Ili ndiye chipolopolo chopanda kanthu, ndipo izi sizitanthauza kuti simunalandire mankhwala anu onse.

Muyenera kuvala chibangili chizindikiritso cha ashuga kuti mutsimikizire kuti mumalandira chithandizo chadzidzidzi pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Musalole kuti aliyense azimwa mankhwala anu. Funsani wamankhwala wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudzana ndi kudzaza mankhwala anu.

Ndikofunika kuti musunge mndandanda wamankhwala onse omwe mumalandira komanso osalembetsa (owerengera) omwe mukumwa, komanso zinthu zilizonse monga mavitamini, michere, kapena zakudya zina. Muyenera kubwera nawo pamndandandawu nthawi iliyonse mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena ngati mwalandiridwa kuchipatala. Ndikofunikanso kuthana nanu pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

• Fortamet^®
• Glucophage^®
• Glumetza^®
• Riomet^®
• Zovuta^® (monga chinthu chophatikizika chomwe chili ndi Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin)

• Actoplus anakumana^® (yokhala ndi Metformin, Pioglitazone)
• Avandamet^® (yokhala ndi Metformin, Rosiglitazone)
• Kuyimilira^® (okhala ndi Canagliflozin, Metformin)
• Janumet^® (yokhala ndi Metformin, Sitagliptin)
• Jentadueto^® (okhala ndi Linagliptin, Metformin)
• Kazano^® (yokhala ndi Alogliptin, Metformin)
• Kombiglyze^® XR (yokhala ndi Metformin, Saxagliptin)
• Metaglip^® (yokhala ndi Glipizide, Metformin)^¶
• Kukonzekera^® (yokhala ndi Metformin, Repaglinide)
• Zovuta^® XR (yokhala ndi Dapagliflozin, Metformin, Saxagliptin), Segluromet^® (yokhala ndi Ertugliflozin, Metformin)
• Kusinkhasinkha^® (yokhala ndi Empagliflozin, Metformin)
• Xigduo^® XR (yokhala ndi Dapagliflozin, Metformin)

^¶ Chogulitsa ichi sichikupezeka pamsika. Njira zina zitha kupezeka.