Autophagy: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kodi maubwino a autophagy ndi ati?
• Kusintha kwa zakudya zomwe zingalimbikitse autophagy
• Mfundo yofunika

Kodi autophagy ndi chiyani?

Autophagy ndiyo njira ya thupi yoyeretsera maselo owonongeka, kuti ipangitsenso maselo atsopano, athanzi, malinga ndi a Priya Khorana, PhD, pamaphunziro azakudya kuchokera ku University ya Columbia.

"Auto" amatanthauza kudzikonda ndipo "phagy" amatanthauza kudya. Chifukwa chake tanthauzo lenileni la kudziphika ndi "kudzidya wekha."

Amatchulidwanso kuti "kudzidya nokha." Ngakhale kuti izi zitha kumveka ngati zomwe simukufuna kuti zichitike mthupi lanu, ndizothandiza pamoyo wanu wonse.

Izi ndichifukwa choti autophagy ndi njira yodzisungira yokha momwe thupi limatha kuchotsera maselo osagwira ntchito ndikubwezeretsanso ena mwa iwo kuti akonzeke ndi kuyeretsa kwama cell, malinga ndi katswiri wazamalamulo, Dr. Luiza Petre.

Petre akufotokoza kuti cholinga chodziyimira pawokha ndikuchotsa zinyalala ndikudziwongolera kuti zibwerere bwino.

“Imakonzanso ndi kuyeretsa nthawi yomweyo, monga kugunda batani lobwezeretsa thupi lanu. Kuphatikiza apo, imalimbikitsa kupulumuka ndikusintha monga yankho pamavuto osiyanasiyana ndi poizoni wopezeka m'maselo athu, "akuwonjezera.

Kodi maubwino a autophagy ndi ati?

Phindu lalikulu la autophagy likuwoneka kuti likubwera ngati mfundo zotsutsana ndi ukalamba. M'malo mwake, Petre akuti imadziwika bwino kwambiri ngati njira ya thupi yotembenuzira nthawi ndikupanga maselo ang'onoang'ono.

Khorana akuwonetsa kuti maselo athu akapanikizika, kudzipaka thupi kumawonjezeredwa kuti zititeteze, zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa moyo wanu.

Kuphatikiza apo, wazakudya zolembetsedwa, a Scott Keatley, RD, CDN, akuti panthawi ya njala, autophagy imapangitsa thupi kupitilira mwa kuphwanya zida zamagetsi ndikuzigwiritsanso ntchito pazinthu zofunikira.

"Zachidziwikire kuti izi zimafuna mphamvu ndipo sizingakhalebe kwamuyaya, koma zimatipatsa nthawi yambiri kuti tipeze chakudya," akuwonjezera.

Pamlingo wamagetsi, Petre akuti maubwino odziyimira palokha ndi awa:

• kuchotsa mapuloteni owopsa m'maselo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda amanjenje, monga matenda a Parkinson ndi Alzheimer's
• zobwezeretsanso mapuloteni otsala
• kupereka mphamvu ndi zomangira zomanga ma cell omwe atha kupindulabe ndi kukonzanso
• pamlingo wokulirapo, umalimbikitsa kusinthika ndi maselo athanzi

Autophagy ikulandiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha gawo lomwe lingatenge popewera kapena kuchiza khansa, nayenso.

"Autophagy imachepa tikamakalamba, motero izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo omwe sakugwiranso ntchito kapena omwe angavulaze amaloledwa kuchulukana, omwe ndi MO a maselo a khansa," akufotokoza Keatley.

Ngakhale khansa yonse imayamba kuchokera m'maselo amtundu wina, Petre akuti thupi liyenera kuzindikira ndikuchotsa maselowo, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodziyimira payokha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ofufuza ena akuyang'ana kuthekera kwakuti kutha kwa thupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa.

Ngakhale kulibe umboni wasayansi wotsimikizira izi, Petre akuti ena amati maselo ambiri a khansa amatha kuchotsedwa podzipaka okha.

"Umu ndi momwe thupi limatetezera anthu oyipa khansa," akufotokoza. "Kuzindikira ndikuwononga zomwe zidasokonekera ndikuyamba kukonzanso kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa."

Ofufuzawo akukhulupirira kuti kafukufuku watsopano adzawunikira kuzindikira komwe kudzawathandize kuthana ndi vuto la khansa ngati mankhwala a khansa.

Kusintha kwa zakudya zomwe zingalimbikitse autophagy

Kumbukirani kuti kudzimasula kumatanthauza "kudya wekha." Chifukwa chake, ndizomveka kuti kusala kudya kwakanthawi ndi ketogenic kumadziwika kuti kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana.

"Kusala kudya [ndiko] kuyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana," akufotokoza Petre.

"Ketosis, chakudya chambiri chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso chotsika kwambiri m'thupi chimapindulitsanso kusala kudya, ngati njira yachidule yopangira kusintha kwakumwa komweko," akuwonjezera. "Popanda kulemetsa thupi ndi katundu wakunja, umapatsa thupi mpata woti uziganizira zaumoyo ndi kukonza."

Pazakudya za keto, mumapeza pafupifupi 75% ya zopatsa mphamvu zanu zamafuta tsiku lililonse, ndi 5 mpaka 10 peresenti ya ma calories anu kuchokera ku carbs.

Kusintha kumeneku kwama calories kumapangitsa kuti thupi lanu lisinthe njira zamagetsi. Iyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati mafuta m'malo mwa shuga yemwe amachokera ku chakudya.

Poyankha izi, thupi lanu liyamba kuyamba kupanga matupi a ketone omwe amakhala ndi zoteteza zambiri. Khorana akuti kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ketosis itha kuyambitsanso njala, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoteteza.

"Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapezeka m'zakudya zonse ziwiri ndipo kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa insulin komanso kuchuluka kwa glucagon," akufotokoza Petre. Ndipo mulingo wa glucagon ndiomwe umayambitsa autophagy.

"Thupi likakhala ndi shuga wochuluka chifukwa cha kusala kudya kapena ketosis, zimabweretsa nkhawa zomwe zimadzutsa njira yokonzanso moyo," akuwonjezera.

Gawo lina losadya lomwe lingathenso kuthandizira kuti munthu azidzidalira ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Malinga ndi nyama imodzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuyambitsa ziwalo zolimbitsa thupi m'ziwalo zomwe ndi zina mwa njira zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Izi zitha kuphatikizira minofu, chiwindi, kapamba, ndi minofu ya adipose.

Mfundo yofunika

Autophagy ipitilizabe kusamalidwa pamene ofufuza amapanga maphunziro owonjezera pazomwe zimakhudza thanzi lathu.

Pakadali pano, akatswiri azakudya ndi azaumoyo monga Khorana akunena kuti padakali zambiri zomwe tikufunikira kuti tidziwe za autophagy ndi momwe tingalimbikitsire bwino.

Koma ngati mukufuna kuyambitsa chidwi chodzilimbitsa mthupi lanu, amalimbikitsa kuti muyambe powonjezera kusala kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.

Komabe, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ngati mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse, muli ndi pakati, mukuyamwitsa, kapena mukufuna kukhala ndi pakati, kapena muli ndi matenda osachiritsika, monga matenda amtima kapena matenda ashuga.

Khorana akuchenjeza kuti simulimbikitsidwa kusala kudya mukakhala m'gulu ili pamwambapa.