Edema: ndi chiyani, ndi mitundu yanji, zimayambitsa komanso nthawi yoti mupite kwa dokotala

Zamkati

• Mitundu yayikulu ya edema
• 1. Edema wamba
• 2. Lymphedema
• 3. Myxedema
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• 1. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa capillary
• 2. Kuchepetsa mapuloteni a m'magazi
• 3. Kuchuluka capillary permeability
• 4. Kutsekedwa kwa kubwereranso kwamitsempha
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Chisamaliro chomwe chimaletsa edema

Edema, yotchuka kwambiri yotupa, imachitika pakakhala kusungunuka kwamadzi pakhungu, komwe kumawonekera chifukwa cha matenda kapena kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, koma kumathanso kupezeka pakakhala kutupa, kuledzera ndi hypoxia, ndipamene mpweya umasowa mu gawo lina la thupi, kuphatikiza pa matenda a impso, mtima kapena mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi.

Pankhaniyi, ndizodziwika kuti edema imawonekera m'manja, mikono, miyendo, mapazi ndi nkhope, ndikupangitsa kuti khungu lizindikiridwe ndi kupsinjika pang'ono nthawi iliyonse mukapanikizika ndi dera lomwe lakhudzidwa. Kutengera chifukwa, mawonekedwe a edema amatha kuchitika modzidzimutsa, kapena pang'onopang'ono masana.

Chithandizo cha edema chiyenera kukhala chotengera payekhapayekha komanso chongothetsa vutoli, koma nthawi zambiri dokotala amawonetsa kupumula, kukweza kwa chiwalo chokhudzidwa pamwambapa pamtima ndikuchepetsa mchere womwe umadyedwa tsiku lililonse, kuphatikiza pakulemba mankhwala azodzikongoletsera, zomwe zimathandiza kutulutsa madzi owonjezera mthupi kudzera mumkodzo.

Mitundu yayikulu ya edema

Edema imagawidwa m'magulu atatu ndipo ikufuna kufotokoza bwino zomwe zimayambitsa ndikudziwa momwe madzi amadzi amapulumukira pakhungu.

Mitundu yayikulu ya edema ndi iyi:

1. Edema wamba

Edema wamba amapangidwa ndi madzi ndi mapuloteni ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi zovuta zochepa, monga kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, kugwa kapena chifuwa cha mungu, mafuta onunkhira, zodzoladzola ndi fumbi, mwachitsanzo.

Komabe, ikaphatikizidwa, ndiye kuti, ikapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana amthupi, imatha kukhala vuto lalikulu, lomwe limafunikira chithandizo kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Matendawa amathanso kudziwika kuti anasarca, omwe amadziwika kwambiri pamavuto azaumoyo monga chiwindi cha chiwindi, kulephera kwa mtima kapena matenda a nephrotic. Kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe anasarca ndi momwe amathandizira.

2. Lymphedema

Kawirikawiri lymphedema imakhala ndi madzi, mapuloteni ndi lipids, ndipo zimachitika pamene madzimadzi omwe ali gawo la mitsempha yotulutsa magazi amathawira pakhungu ndi ziwalo. Izi ndizofala kwambiri pakakhala khansa, elephantiasis komanso ma lymph node. Onani momwe lymphedema imathandizira.

3. Myxedema

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kuchokera ku myxedema ndiko kupezeka kwakukulu kwa lipids momwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa kulimba kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya edema, komanso ndi madzi ndi mapuloteni. Myxedema nthawi zambiri imakhudza nkhope, kusiya maso kutupa, koma imatha kupangidwanso wamba.

Mtundu wa edema umachitika makamaka ngati pali hypothyroidism kapena mankhwala a mahomoni atachitika.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha edema ndikutupa kwa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa, koma ngati kutupa ndikokulirapo, ndizotheka kuzindikira zizindikilo zina, monga khungu lowala kwambiri komanso lotambasula. Ngati edema ili m'mapazi kapena miyendo, poyenda, munthuyo amatha kumva kutentha pang'ono.

Ngati edema siyimatha patatha maola ochepa, kapena ngati mukumva kupweteka pang'ono, ndipo khungu limagwira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze chipinda chadzidzidzi kuti muwone momwe zinthu ziliri ndikuyang'ana, pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso monga kuchuluka kwa magazi, echocardiogram, X-ray ndi mkodzo maola 24, ngati sichinthu chowopsa kwambiri ndipo chimafunikira chithandizo china.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Matenda akulu omwe amayambitsa edema amatha kutuluka chifukwa cha mitundu inayi yosintha mthupi, monga:

1. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa capillary

Kuwonjezeka kwa kupsinjika kwa capillary nthawi zambiri kumayambitsidwa ndi kutsekeka kwa mitsempha, zomwe zimatha kuchitika ndikachulukana kwamafuta, thrombi kapena kupsinjika kwakunja, chifukwa cha zovala zolimba, mwachitsanzo. Izi zikachitika, kupanikizika komwe zakumwa zimapangika m'mitsempha yamagazi ndizoposa zachilendo, chifukwa chake zamadzimadzi zimatha kuthawa m'mitsuko ndikudziunjikira m'matumba amthupi.

Kawirikawiri zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi mtima, aimpso kapena a venous kulephera, ndipo nthawi zina, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi sodium / mchere wambiri. Zoyambitsa izi zikapanda kuthandizidwa moyenera, zimatha kuyambitsa mawonekedwe a pulmonary edema, momwe madzi amadziunjikira m'mapapu. Mvetsetsani bwino zomwe lung edema ndi momwe mungachitire.

2. Kuchepetsa mapuloteni a m'magazi

Kuchepetsa kwa mapuloteni am'magazi amthupi mthupi kumachepa, kuyambiranso zakumwa m'matumba akuya sizichitika, ndipo izi zimathera potsogolera kudzikundikira madzi pakhungu, ndikupanga edema. Zotsatira zake, madzi amtunduwu, omwe tsopano amakhala ochulukirapo m'minyewa, amasiya kupezeka, zomwe zimachepetsa kutulutsa mkodzo ndi impso, zomwe zimapangitsa madzi ambiri mkati mwa thupi, ndikupititsa patsogolo edema.

Kawirikawiri edema yamtunduwu imawonekera mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a nephrotic, matenda a chiwindi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kapena omwe adatenthedwa kwambiri.

3. Kuchuluka capillary permeability

Poterepa pamakhala kupezeka kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yamagazi, nthawi zambiri yoyambitsidwa ndi kutupa, chifukwa chake, zakumwa zimatha kutuluka m'mitsuko ndikupeza matupi amthupi.

Zina mwazomwe zimatha kuyambitsa kukhathamira kwa capillary ndi edema ndi chifuwa, kutentha, kuchepa kwa vitamini C, matenda, poizoni kapena kugwiritsa ntchito vasodilators.

4. Kutsekedwa kwa kubwereranso kwamitsempha

The edema chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi kubwerera, amatchedwanso lymphedema kumachitika pamene pali kutsekeka mitsempha ya mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi mitsempha. Izi ndizofala kwa hypothyroidism, khansa ya ma lymph node, kapena pambuyo pa lymphadenectomy.

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha edema iyi, ndikuti kutupa kumawoneka kolimba pakukhudza ndipo khungu limawoneka ngati khungu la lalanje. Phunzirani momwe lymphedema ingathandizire.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo chothanirana ndi edema chiyenera kukhala malinga ndi zomwe zidayambitsa. Pazovuta kwambiri, kupumula kumawonetsedwa, kumachepetsa mchere womwe umadyedwa komanso kusisita mdera lomwe lakhudzidwa, kuthandizira kukhetsa madzi owonjezera, mpaka edema itazimiririka.

Pazovuta kwambiri, pomwe thanzi monga chiwindi, impso ndi ziwalo zina zilipo, ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda omwe adayambitsa edema, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga furosemide, bumetanide kapena spironolactone. Onani njira zina zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa.

Chisamaliro chomwe chimaletsa edema

Kusintha kwaumoyo watsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumasungidwa pakapita nthawi kumatha kuthandiza kupewa ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe a edema yatsopano, monga:

• Kuchepetsa kumwa kwa sodium ndi mchere mu zakudya;
• Sungani kulemera koyenera msinkhu, zaka ndi kugonana;
• Chitani zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse;
• Kwezani miyendo yanu mutagona kapena mutakhala pamwamba pa mtima wanu.

Izi zitha kuchitidwa ndi anthu onse omwe alibe matenda aliwonse, komabe, kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lazaumoyo, machitidwewa ayenera kuwonetsedwa ndi dokotala yemwe amathandizira asanayambe.