Matenda amoto wakutchire: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kusamalira panthawi ya chithandizo

Nthenda yamoto wamtchire, yotchedwa pemphigus, ndi matenda osadziwika omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimatulutsa ma antibodies omwe amawononga ndikuwononga maselo pakhungu ndi mamina monga mkamwa, mphuno, pakhosi kapena maliseche, ndikupanga zotupa kapena zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha. , kutentha ndi kupweteka, kukhala kofala kwambiri kwa akulu ndi achikulire, ngakhale zitha kuchitika pamisinkhu iliyonse.

Zizindikiro za moto wolusa zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi matenda ena akhungu, monga bullous pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus ndi matenda a Hailey-Hailey. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti dermatologist kapena wothandizirayo afunsidwe kuti apeze moto wamtchire ndikutsimikizika, motero, chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chitha kuyambitsidwa kuti chithandizire kuthana ndi zovuta komanso kupewa zovuta.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha moto wamtchire ndikupanga matuza omwe amatha kuphulika mosavuta ndikupanga zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha. Malinga ndi momwe matuzawo amawonekera, matenda amoto wamtchire amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu:

• Moto wolusa wamoto kapena pemphigus vulgaris: imayamba ndi kuphulika pakamwa ndiyeno pakhungu kapena ntchofu ngati pakhosi, mphuno kapena maliseche, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopweteka koma sizimva kuyabwa. Zikawoneka pakamwa kapena pakhosi zimatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudya ndikubweretsa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi;
• Moto wamoto wakutchire kapena pemphigus foliaceus: matuza nthawi zambiri amapanga pakhungu, nkhope, khosi, chifuwa, kumbuyo kapena mapewa, zomwe zimakhudza khungu lakunja, ndipo zimatha kufalikira mthupi lonse kuyambitsa kutentha ndi kupweteka. Moto wamtchire woterewu sukuyambitsa matuza.

Ngati zotupa zikuwoneka pakhungu kapena mucosa zomwe sizichira, ndikofunikira kuti dermatologist kapena wothandizirayo afunsidwe, chifukwa ndizotheka kuti kuwunika zizindikilo kumapangidwa ndikuwonetsa magazi ndi ma biopsies. matenda a moto wamtchire. Munthuyo akasowa pakhosi, adokotala amalimbikitsanso kupanga endoscopy kuti atsimikizire zamoto wamba.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Moto wamtchire ndi matenda omwe amangodziyimira pawokha momwe chitetezo chamthupi chimagwirira ntchito pakhungu kapena mucosa, kumenya ndikuwononga maselowa ngati kuti ndi achilendo mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotupa ndi zilonda.

Choyambitsa china chamoto wamtchire, ngakhale ndichosowa kwambiri, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga zoletsa ma enzyme yotembenuza angiotensin kapena ma penicillin, omwe angakonde kupanga ma autoantibodies omwe amalimbana ndi khungu la khungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale moto wamasamba.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kuchiza moto wamtchire kumachitika pofuna kuchepetsa zizindikilo, kuchepetsa mapangidwe amatuza ndi zilonda, komanso kupewa zovuta monga kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena matenda opatsirana. Mankhwala omwe dermatologist angakulimbikitseni pochiza ndi awa:

• Corticosteroids monga prednisone kapena prednisolone yomwe imachepetsa kutupa ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chithandizo choyambirira komanso pofatsa;
• Odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana monga azathioprine, mycophenolate, methotrexate kapena cyclophosphamide, chifukwa zimathandiza kuteteza chitetezo cha mthupi kuthana ndi khungu kapena ma mucous cell, ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito pomwe ma corticosteroids samasintha zizindikilo kapena milandu yayikulu;
• Mankhwala a monoclonal monga rituximab, yomwe imagwira ntchito poletsa chitetezo chamthupi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yama chitetezo amthupi m'thupi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi corticosteroids kapena ma immunosuppressants pochiza koyambirira pamavuto apakati kapena ovuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amalimbikitsa mankhwala ena monga opewetsa ululu, maantibayotiki olimbana ndi matenda kapena mankhwala oletsa kupweteka pakamwa.

Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse ndi komwe kumayambitsa matuza, kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumakwanira kuthana ndi moto wolusa.

Pakakhala vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi chifukwa chodya moperewera chifukwa chamatuza ndi zilonda mkamwa kapena pakhosi, kugona kuchipatala ndi chithandizo cha seramu ndi zakudya za makolo, zomwe zimaperekedwa mwachindunji mumitsempha, zitha kukhala zofunikira kufikira munthuyo atachira.

Kusamalira panthawi ya chithandizo

Njira zina zodzitetezera ndizofunikira mukamalandira chithandizo kuti zikuthandizireni kuchira msanga kapena kupewa kupezeka kwa zizindikilo:

• Samalirani zilonda monga momwe adalangizira adotolo kapena namwino;
• Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wofatsa kutsuka thupi mofatsa;
• Pewani kukhala padzuwa, chifukwa ma radiation ya ultraviolet imatha kupangitsa matuza atsopano kuwonekera pakhungu;
• Pewani zakudya zokometsera kapena acidic zomwe zingakwiyitse thovu mkamwa mwanu;
• Pewani zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zitha kupweteketsa khungu lanu, monga masewera olumikizirana.

Ngati moto wolusa umayambitsa matuza mkamwa omwe amalepheretsa munthu kutsuka mano kapena kuwuluka, chithandizo chofunikira chingakhale chofunikira popewa matenda a chingamu kapena zotupa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala wamazinyo kuti akuwongolereni momwe angapangire ukhondo wam'kamwa, malinga ndi kuopsa kwa mulimonsemo.