Matenda a shuga
Zamkati
- Kodi matenda ashuga otani?
- Kodi Zizindikiro Za Matenda a Shuga?
- Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda ashuga?
- Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chodwala matenda ashuga?
- Kodi matenda a shuga amapezeka bwanji?
- Mayeso a zovuta za glucose
- Chiyeso chimodzi
- Mayeso awiri
- Kodi ndiyeneranso kuda nkhawa ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2?
- Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga?
- Kodi matenda ashuga amachitidwa bwanji?
- Kodi ndiyenera kudya chiyani ndikadwala matenda ashuga?
- Zakudya Zamadzimadzi
- Mapuloteni
- Mafuta
- Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda a shuga?
- Kodi chiyembekezo cha matenda ashuga okhudzana ndi matendawa chimakhala chotani?
- Kodi matenda a shuga amatha kupewedwa?
Kodi matenda ashuga otani?
Pakati, amayi ena amakhala ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi. Matendawa amadziwika kuti gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) kapena gestational diabetes. Matenda a shuga amayamba pakati pa masabata a 24 ndi 28 a mimba.
Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, akuti amapezeka mwa 2 mpaka 10 peresenti ya mimba ku United States.
Ngati mumayamba matenda ashuga mukadali ndi pakati, sizitanthauza kuti mudakhala ndi matenda ashuga musanakhale ndi pakati kapena mudzakhala nawo pambuyo pake. Koma matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto la kubereka amakweza chiopsezo chodwala matenda ashuga amtsogolo mtsogolo.
Ngati simukuyendetsedwa bwino, imathandizanso kuti mwana wanu azikhala ndi matenda ashuga ndikuwonjezera mavuto kwa inu ndi mwana wanu panthawi yapakati komanso yobereka.
Kodi Zizindikiro Za Matenda a Shuga?
Sikoyenera kuti matenda ashuga obala atha kubweretsa zisonyezo. Mukakumana ndi zizindikilo, atha kukhala ofatsa. Zitha kuphatikiza:
- kutopa
- kusawona bwino
- ludzu lokwanira
- kufunikira kwambiri kukodza
- kukuwa
Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda ashuga?
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga osadziwika sizidziwika, koma mahomoni mwina amatenga gawo. Mukakhala ndi pakati, thupi lanu limapanga mahomoni ambiri, kuphatikiza:
- lactogen wamunthu wamwamuna (hPL)
- mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa kukana kwa insulin
Mahomoniwa amakhudza chiberekero chanu ndikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi pakati. Popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amenewa m'thupi lanu kumawonjezeka. Amatha kuyamba kupangitsa thupi lanu kugonjetsedwa ndi insulin, mahomoni omwe amayang'anira shuga lanu lamagazi.
Insulini imathandizira kutulutsa shuga m'magazi anu kupita m'maselo anu, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Mukakhala ndi pakati, thupi lanu limakhala losagwirizana ndi insulini pang'ono, kotero kuti shuga wambiri amapezeka m'magazi anu kuti aperekedwe kwa mwana. Ngati kulimbana ndi insulini kumakhala kolimba kwambiri, magazi anu m'magazi amatha kukwera modabwitsa. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chodwala matenda ashuga?
Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ashuga ngati:
- ali ndi zaka zopitilira 25
- khalani ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
- ali ndi mbiri yakubadwa kwa matenda ashuga
- anali onenepa kwambiri musanakhale ndi pakati
- onjezani kulemera kokulirapo kuposa muyezo mukakhala ndi pakati
- akuyembekezera ana angapo
- anabala kale mwana wolemera mapaundi opitilira 9
- adakhalapo ndi matenda ashuga m'mbuyomu
- adakhala ndi padera kapena kubadwa mopanda tanthauzo
- akhala pa glucocorticoids
- ali ndi polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), acanthosis nigricans, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi insulin kukana
- ali ndi makolo achi Africa, Amwenye Achimereka, Asiya, Pacific Islander, kapena makolo achi Spain
Kodi matenda a shuga amapezeka bwanji?
Bungwe la American Diabetes Association (ADA) limalimbikitsa madokotala kuti azisanthula azimayi apakati pafupipafupi ngati ali ndi matenda a shuga. Ngati mulibe mbiri yodziwika bwino yokhudza matenda ashuga komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambiriro kwa mimba yanu, dokotala wanu atha kukuwonetsani ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga mukakhala ndi pakati pa masabata 24 mpaka 28.
Mayeso a zovuta za glucose
Madokotala ena amatha kuyamba kuyesa mayeso a glucose. Palibe kukonzekera kofunikira pakuyesaku.
Mudzamwa mankhwala a shuga. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi, mudzalandira mayeso a magazi. Ngati msinkhu wa shuga wamagazi uli wokwera, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa mayeso olekerera pakumwa ma ola atatu. Izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi kuyesa kwa magawo awiri.
Madokotala ena amalumpha mayeso a glucose kwathunthu ndipo amangoyesa kuyesa kwa maora awiri kwamaora. Izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi njira imodzi yoyesera.
Chiyeso chimodzi
- Dokotala wanu ayamba kuyesa mayeso a shuga wanu wamagazi.
- Akupemphani kuti mumwe mankhwala okhala ndi magalamu 75 (g) a chakudya.
- Adzayesanso magazi anu atatha ola limodzi ndi maola awiri.
Akhoza kukupezani ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ngati muli ndi izi:
- kusala kudya kwa shuga wamagazi kuposa kapena ofanana ndi mamiligalamu 92 pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL)
- Kuchuluka kwa ola limodzi la shuga lalikulu kuposa kapena lofanana ndi 180 mg / dL
- shuga wambiri wamaora awiri kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 153 mg / dL
Mayeso awiri
- Pakuyesa kwa magawo awiri, simuyenera kusala kudya.
- Akupemphani kuti mumwe yankho lokhala ndi 50 g shuga.
- Adzakuyesa shuga atadutsa ola limodzi.
Ngati panthawiyo shuga lanu la magazi ndiloposa kapena lofanana ndi 130 mg / dL kapena 140 mg / dL, adzayesanso kachiwiri tsiku lina. Njira yodziwira izi imasankhidwa ndi dokotala wanu.
- Pakuyesa kwachiwiri, dokotala wanu ayamba kuyesa kuyesa kusala kwanu kwa magazi.
- Adzakufunsani kuti mumwe yankho ndi 100 g shuga mkati mwake.
- Adzakuyesa shuga m'magazi pakapita ola limodzi, awiri, ndi atatu.
Angakupezeni kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga ngati muli ndi mfundo ziwiri izi:
- kusala kwa shuga wamagazi wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 95 mg / dL kapena 105 mg / dL
- Kuchuluka kwa ola limodzi la ola limodzi kuposa 180 mg / dL kapena 190 mg / dL
- shuga wambiri wamaora awiri kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 155 mg / dL kapena 165 mg / dL
- Msinkhu wa shuga wa maola atatu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 140 mg / dL kapena 145 mg / dL
Kodi ndiyeneranso kuda nkhawa ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2?
ADA imalimbikitsanso madotolo kuti aziona amayi ngati ali ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri asanakwane. Ngati muli ndi zifukwa zoopsa za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani za vutoli pa nthawi yoyamba yobadwa.
Zowopsa izi ndi izi:
- kukhala wonenepa kwambiri
- kukhala pansi
- kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
- kukhala ndi mafuta ochepa (HDL) m'magazi anu
- kukhala ndi milingo yambiri yama triglycerides m'magazi anu
- kukhala ndi mbiri yabanja ya matenda ashuga
- kukhala ndi mbiri yakale ya matenda ashuga, amayi omwe amatenga matendawa asanakwane, kapena zizindikilo za kukana kwa insulin
- atabereka kale mwana yemwe amalemera mapaundi opitilira 9
- kukhala ochokera ku Africa, Native American, Asia, Pacific Islander, kapena ochokera ku Spain
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga?
Gestational shuga imagawika m'magulu awiri.
Kalasi A1 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza za matenda ashuga omwe amatha kuwongoleredwa kudzera pa zakudya zokha. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a m'kalasi A2 adzafunika insulini kapena mankhwala akumwa kuti athetse vuto lawo.
Kodi matenda ashuga amachitidwa bwanji?
Ngati mungapezeke kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga obereka, chithandizo chanu chimadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi tsiku lonse.
Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu amakulangizani kuti muyese shuga wamagazi musanadye komanso mukamaliza kudya, ndikuwongolera matenda anu mwa kudya athanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.
Nthawi zina, amathanso kuwonjezera jakisoni wa insulini ngati angafunike. Malinga ndi chipatala cha Mayo, ndi azimayi 10 kapena 20 okha mwa amayi 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amafunikira insulini kuti athe kuwongolera shuga m'magazi.
Ngati dokotala akulimbikitsani kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu, atha kukupatsani chida chapadera chowunikira shuga.
Akhozanso kukupatsani jakisoni wa insulini mpaka mutabereka. Funsani dokotala wanu za nthawi yoyenera jakisoni wanu wa insulini poyerekeza ndi zakudya zanu ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mupewe shuga wotsika magazi.
Dokotala wanu amathanso kukuwuzani choti muchite ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kutsika kwambiri kapena kupitilira momwe ayenera kukhalira.
Kodi ndiyenera kudya chiyani ndikadwala matenda ashuga?
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndichofunikira pakuwongolera matenda ashuga obereka. Makamaka, azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga ayenera kusamala kwambiri chakudya chama protein, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta.
Kudya pafupipafupi - pafupipafupi maola awiri aliwonse - kungakuthandizeninso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Zakudya Zamadzimadzi
Kusiyanitsa bwino zakudya zokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zimathandiza kupewa zotsekemera zamagazi.
Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe muyenera kudya tsiku lililonse. Angakulimbikitseninso kuti mukaonane ndi dokotala wodziwa zamadokotala kuti akuthandizeni pakudya.
Zosankha zabwino zama carbohydrate ndi izi:
- mbewu zonse
- mpunga wabulauni
- nyemba, nandolo, mphodza, ndi nyemba zina
- masamba owuma
- zipatso zopanda shuga
Mapuloteni
Amayi apakati ayenera kudya magawo awiri kapena atatu a mapuloteni tsiku lililonse. Zakudya zomanga thupi zabwino zimaphatikizapo nyama zowonda ndi nkhuku, nsomba, ndi tofu.
Mafuta
Mafuta athanzi ophatikizira muzakudya zanu ndi monga mtedza wosathiridwa, mbewu, mafuta a maolivi, ndi peyala. Pezani maupangiri pano pazomwe mungadye - ndikupewe - ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga.
Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda a shuga?
Ngati matenda anu ashuga osayendetsedwa bwino, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhalabe kokulirapo kuposa momwe muyenera kuchitira panthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta ndikukhudza thanzi la mwana wanu. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wanu akabadwa, atha kukhala ndi:
- kubadwa kwakukulu
- kupuma movutikira
- shuga wotsika magazi
- dystocia wam'mapewa, omwe amachititsa kuti mapewa awo azikakamira mu ngalande yoberekera panthawi yakubala
Atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ashuga pambuyo pake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muchitepo kanthu kuti muchepetse matenda anu ashuga pakutsatira ndondomeko ya chithandizo cha dokotala.
Kodi chiyembekezo cha matenda ashuga okhudzana ndi matendawa chimakhala chotani?
Shuga yamagazi anu ayeneranso kubwerera mwakale mutabereka mwana. Koma kukula kwa matenda ashuga omwe amabereka azimayi kumabweretsa chiopsezo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga pambuyo pake m'moyo. Funsani dokotala wanu momwe mungachepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi izi komanso zovuta zina.
Kodi matenda a shuga amatha kupewedwa?
Sizingatheke kupewa matenda a shuga asanakwane. Komabe, kutsatira zizolowezi zabwino kumachepetsa mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vutoli.
Ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo muli ndi zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga, yesetsani kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Ngakhale ntchito zochepa, monga kuyenda, zitha kukhala zopindulitsa.
Ngati mukukonzekera kutenga pakati posachedwa ndipo mukulemera kwambiri, chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungachite ndikugwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti muchepetse thupi. Ngakhale kuonda pang'ono kungakuthandizeni kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga.
Werengani nkhaniyi m'Chisipanishi.
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