Matenda a Mtima

Zamkati

• Onaninso za

Mkazi m'modzi mwa akazi anayi aku America amamwalira ndi matenda amtima chaka chilichonse. Mu 2004, pafupifupi azimayi 60 pa 100 aliwonse adamwalira ndi matenda amtima (matenda amtima ndi sitiroko) kuposa omwe amapezeka ndi khansa yonse. Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa tsopano kuti mupewe mavuto mtsogolo.

Ndi chiyani

Matenda a mtima amaphatikizapo mavuto angapo omwe amakhudza mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi mu mtima. Mitundu ya matenda a mtima ndi awa:

• Mitsempha ya Coronary (CAD) ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri ndipo ndi womwe umayambitsa matenda amtima. Mukakhala ndi CAD, mitsempha yanu imakhala yolimba komanso yopapatiza. Magazi amavutika kuti afike pamtima, chifukwa chake mtima sumapeza magazi onse omwe amafunikira. CAD ikhoza kutsogolera ku:
• Angina-kuvutika pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino komwe kumachitika mtima usamapeze magazi okwanira. Zitha kumveka ngati kupweteka kapena kufinya, nthawi zambiri pachifuwa, koma nthawi zina ululu umakhala m'mapewa, mikono, khosi, nsagwada, kapena kumbuyo. Zimathanso kumva ngati kusagaya m'mimba. Angina si matenda a mtima, koma kukhala ndi angina kumatanthauza kuti mumakhala ndi vuto la mtima.
• Matenda amtima--kumachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi umatsekeka kwambiri kapena kwathunthu, ndipo mtima supeza magazi omwe amafunikira kwa mphindi zopitilira 20.
• Mtima kulephera kumachitika pamene mtima sungathe kupopa magazi mthupi mokwanira momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ziwalo zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalandira magazi kuchokera mumtima, sizimapeza magazi okwanira. Sizitanthauza kuti mtima umayima. Zizindikiro zakulephera kwa mtima ndizo:
• Kupuma pang'ono (kumva ngati simukupeza mpweya wokwanira)
• Kutupa mapazi, akakolo, ndi miyendo
• Kutopa kwambiri
• Mtima arrhythmias ndi kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima. Anthu ambiri amamva chizungulire, kukomoka, kutuluka mpweya kapena kumva kupweteka pachifuwa nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima kumeneku sikuvulaza. Mukamakula, mumakhala ndi arrhythmias. Musachite mantha ngati muli ndi zingwe zingapo kapena ngati mtima wanu umathamanga kamodzi kanthawi. Koma ngati muli ndi ziphuphu ndi zizindikiro zina monga chizungulire kapena kupuma movutikira, itanani 911 nthawi yomweyo.

Zizindikiro

Matenda amtima nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zisonyezo. Koma, pali zizindikiro zina zofunika kuziyang'anira:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena mkono kapena kusasangalala kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda amtima komanso chenjezo la matenda amtima.
• Kupuma pang'ono (kumva ngati kuti simungapeze mpweya wokwanira)
• Chizungulire
• Nseru (kumva kudwala m'mimba mwako)
• Kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri

Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi izi. Uzani dokotala wanu kuti mukukhudzidwa ndi mtima wanu. Dokotala wanu atenga mbiri yakuchipatala, kumuyezetsa thupi, ndipo atha kuyitanitsa mayeso.

Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima

Kwa amayi ndi abambo, chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha matenda a mtima ndi kupweteka kapena kusamva bwino pakati pa chifuwa. Kupweteka kapena kusapeza bwino kungakhale kochepa kapena kolimba. Itha kupitilira mphindi zochepa, kapena imatha kubwerera.

Zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino za matenda a mtima ndi awa:

• Ululu kapena kusapeza bwino m'manja kapena onse awiri, kumbuyo, khosi, nsagwada, kapena m'mimba
• Kupuma pang'ono (kumva ngati simungathe kupeza mpweya wokwanira). Kupuma pang'ono kumachitika nthawi isanakwane kapena limodzi ndi kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino.
• Nseru (kumva kudwala m'mimba mwako) kapena kusanza
• Kumva kukomoka kapena kupindika
• Kutuluka thukuta lozizira

Amayi ali ndi mwayi wambiri kuposa amuna kukhala ndi zizindikilo zofala za matenda a mtima, makamaka kupuma movutikira, nseru kapena kusanza, ndi kupweteka kumbuyo, khosi, kapena nsagwada. Azimayi amakhalanso ndi zizindikilo zochepa za matenda amtima, kuphatikiza:

• Kupsa mtima
• Kutaya njala
• Kutopa kapena kufooka
• Kutsokomola
• Mtima ukugwedezeka

Nthawi zina zizindikiro za matenda a mtima zimachitika mwadzidzidzi, koma zimathanso kukula pang'onopang'ono, kwa maola ambiri, masiku, ngakhale masabata kuti matenda a mtima ayambe.

Zizindikiro zowopsa zamtima zomwe muli nazo, ndizotheka kuti mukudwala matenda a mtima. Komanso, ngati munadwalapo kale matenda a mtima, dziwani kuti zizindikiro zanu sizingakhale zofanana ndi zina.Ngakhale simukudziwa kuti mukudwala matenda a mtima, muyenera kuyang'anabe.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Mkazi akamakula, m’pamenenso amadwala matenda a mtima. Koma amayi amisinkhu yonse ayenera kudera nkhaŵa za matenda a mtima ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti apewe.

Amuna ndi akazi onse ali ndi matenda a mtima, koma amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima amamwalira nawo. Mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima koma ayenera kuperekedwa mwachangu matenda amtima atayamba. Moyenera, chithandizo chiyenera kuyamba pasanathe ola limodzi la zizindikiro zoyamba. Zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo ndi:

• Mbiri ya banja (Ngati abambo anu kapena mchimwene wanu anali ndi vuto la mtima asanakwanitse zaka 55, kapena ngati amayi anu kapena mlongo wanu anali ndi zaka 65, muli ndi mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima.)
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Kusachita zolimbitsa thupi
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Matenda a shuga
• Kukhala African American ndi Hispanic American/Latina

Udindo wa kuthamanga kwa magazi

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mphamvu yomwe magazi anu amapanga motsutsana ndi makoma amitsempha yanu. Kuthamanga kumakwera kwambiri mtima wanu ukapopa magazi m'mitsempha yanu-pamene ukugunda. Ndizotsika kwambiri pakati pa kugunda kwamtima, mtima wanu ukapuma. Dokotala kapena namwino adzalemba kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kukhala kuchuluka kwakuposa nambala yocheperako. Kuthamanga kwa magazi pansi pa 120/80 nthawi zambiri kumawoneka ngati kwachilendo. Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi (kutsika kuposa 90/60) nthawi zina kumatha kukhala kochititsa nkhawa ndipo kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndiko kuwerengera kwa magazi kwa 140/90 kapena kupitirira. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwazaka zambiri kumatha kuwononga makoma a mitsempha, kuwapangitsa kukhala olimba komanso opapatiza. Izi zikuphatikizapo mitsempha yonyamula magazi kupita kumtima. Zotsatira zake, mtima wanu sungathe kupeza magazi omwe amafunikira kuti ugwire ntchito bwino. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda amtima.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa 120/80 mpaka 139/89 kumawerengedwa kuti ndi pre-hypertension. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mulibe vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi tsopano koma mutha kudwala mtsogolo.

Udindo wacholesterol yochuluka

Cholesterol ndi phula lomwe limapezeka m'maselo a m'madera onse a thupi. Mafuta a cholesterol akakhala ochuluka kwambiri m’mwazi wanu, mafuta m’thupi amatha kuchulukirachulukira m’mitsempha ya m’mitsempha yanu n’kuchititsa kuti magazi aziundana. Cholesterol imatha kutseka mitsempha yanu ndikuletsa mtima wanu kutenga magazi omwe umafunikira. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda amtima.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol:

• Lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri (LDL) nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mtundu "woyipa" wa cholesterol chifukwa ukhoza kutsekereza mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima. Kwa LDL, manambala otsika ndi abwinoko.
• High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol "yabwino" imadziwika kuti "yabwino" chifukwa imatulutsa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi anu ndikupangitsa kuti isamangike m'mitsempha yanu. Kwa HDL, manambala apamwamba ndiabwino.

Amayi onse azaka 20 kapena kupitilira apo amayenera kukhala ndi magazi m'magazi awo a cholesterol ndi triglyceride osachepera kamodzi pazaka zisanu zilizonse.

Kumvetsetsa manambala

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol- Pansi ndi bwino.

Pansi pa 200 mg/dL - Chofunikira

200 - 239 mg/dL - Borderline High

240 mg / dL ndi pamwambapa - Wapamwamba

LDL (yoyipa) cholesterol - Kutsika kuli bwino.

Ochepera 100 mg / dL - Oyenera

100-129 mg/dL - Pafupi ndi mulingo woyenera / pamwamba pa mulingo woyenera kwambiri

130-159 mg/dL - M'malire okwera

160-189 mg / dL - Wapamwamba

190 mg / dL ndi pamwambapa - Kwambiri

HDL (yabwino) cholesterol - Kumtunda kuli bwino. Zoposa 60 mg / dL ndizabwino kwambiri.

Magulu a Triglyceride - Lower ndi bwino. Kuchepera 150mg / dL ndibwino.

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka

Kumwa mapiritsi olerera (kapena chigamba) ndi kotetezeka kwa amayi achichepere, athanzi ngati sasuta. Koma mapiritsi oletsa kubereka amatha kuyika matenda a mtima kwa amayi ena, makamaka azimayi azaka zopitilira 35; azimayi omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, kapena cholesterol; ndi amayi omwe amasuta. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza mapiritsi.

Ngati mukumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, yang'anani zizindikiro za vuto, kuphatikizapo:

• Mavuto a maso monga kusawona bwino kapena kuwirikiza kawiri
• Kupweteka kumtunda kwa thupi kapena mkono
• Mutu woipa
• Mavuto kupuma
• Kulavula magazi
• Kutupa kapena kupweteka mwendo
• Chikasu cha khungu kapena maso
• Ziphuphu za m'mawere
• Kutulutsa magazi kosazolowereka (kosazolowereka) kuchokera kumaliseche kwanu

Kafukufuku akuchitika kuti awone ngati chiwopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa magazi ndi chachikulu mwa ogwiritsa ntchito zigamba. Kuundana kwamagazi kumatha kubweretsa matenda amtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza chigamba.

Thandizo la Hormone Therapy (MHT)

Mankhwala otchedwa Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) amatha kuthandiza ndi zizindikilo zina zakusamba, kuphatikiza kutentha, ukazi kuuma, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, ndi kutayika kwa mafupa, koma palinso zoopsa. Kwa amayi ena, kumwa mahomoni kumawonjezera mwayi wawo wokhala ndi matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni, agwiritseni ntchito pamlingo wotsika kwambiri womwe umathandizira munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza MHT.

Matendawa

Dokotala wanu adzazindikira matenda a coronary artery (CAD) kutengera:

• Mbiri yanu yamankhwala ndi mabanja
• Zowopsa zanu
• Zotsatira za kuyezetsa thupi ndi kuyezetsa matenda ndi njira

Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angazindikire CAD. Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti muli ndi CAD, adzachita mayesero amodzi kapena angapo:

EKG (Electrocardiogram)

EKG ndiyeso losavuta lomwe limazindikira ndikulemba zochitika zamagetsi mumtima mwanu. EKG imawonetsa momwe mtima wanu umagunda mwachangu komanso ngati ili ndi nyimbo yanthawi zonse. Zimasonyezanso mphamvu ndi nthawi ya zizindikiro zamagetsi pamene zikudutsa gawo lililonse la mtima wanu.

Mitundu ina yamagetsi yomwe EKG imazindikira imatha kuwonetsa ngati CAD ndi yotheka. EKG imatha kuwonetsanso zizindikiro za matenda amtima am'mbuyomu kapena apano.

Kuyesedwa kwa Kupsinjika

Mukamayesa kupanikizika, mumachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mtima wanu ugwire ntchito molimbika komanso kumenya mwachangu pomwe mayeso amtima akuyesedwa. Ngati simungathe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mumapatsidwa mankhwala kuti mufulumire kugunda kwa mtima wanu.

Pamene mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira ndi kugwira ntchito molimbika, umafunika magazi ambiri ndi mpweya. Mitsempha yochepetsedwa ndi chikwangwani silingathe kupereka magazi okwanira okosijeni okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za mtima wanu. Kuyesa kupanikizika kumatha kuwonetsa zizindikiritso za CAD, monga:

• Kusintha kwachilendo mu kugunda kwa mtima wanu kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira kapena kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kusintha kwachilendo mu kayimbidwe ka mtima wanu kapena mphamvu yamagetsi ya mtima wanu

Mukamayesedwa kupanikizika, ngati simungathe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali ngati zomwe zimawoneka ngati zabwinobwino kwa msinkhu wanu, chitha kukhala chizindikiro kuti magazi okwanira samayenda mumtima mwanu. Koma zinthu zina kupatula CAD zimatha kukulepheretsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali (mwachitsanzo, matenda am'mapapo, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kapena kukhala olimba).

Mayeso ena opsinjika amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wama radioactive, mafunde omveka, positron emission tomography (PET), kapena kujambula kwa mtima wamaginito (MRI) kujambula mtima wanu ukamagwira ntchito molimbika komanso ukapuma.

Mayesero a kupsinjika maganizo awa amatha kusonyeza momwe magazi akuyendera m'madera osiyanasiyana a mtima wanu. Akhozanso kuwonetsa momwe mtima wanu umapopera magazi mukamenya.

Echocardiography

Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumva kuti apange chithunzi chosunthika cha mtima wanu. Echocardiography imapereka chidziwitso chokhudza kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mtima wanu komanso momwe zipinda zanu zamagetsi zimagwirira ntchito.

Kuyesaku kumatha kuzindikira madera osayenda bwino kwa magazi kumtima, madera amkati mwa mtima omwe sagwirizana bwino, komanso kuvulala koyambirira kwa minofu yamtima yoyambitsidwa ndi kusayenda bwino kwa magazi.

X-Ray pachifuwa

X-ray pachifuwa imatenga chithunzi cha ziwalo ndi ziwalo mkati mwa chifuwa, kuphatikizapo mtima wanu, mapapo, ndi mitsempha ya magazi. Ikhoza kuwulula zizindikilo za kulephera kwa mtima, komanso matenda am'mapapo ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo zomwe sizili chifukwa cha CAD.

Kuyesa Magazi

Kuyezetsa magazi kumawunika kuchuluka kwa mafuta, cholesterol, shuga, ndi mapuloteni m'magazi anu. Miyezo yachilendo ingasonyeze kuti muli ndi zifukwa zowopsa za CAD.

Electron-Beam Computed Tomography

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT). Kuyesaku kumapeza ndikuyesa magawo a calcium (otchedwa calcification) mkati ndi mozungulira mitsempha yamitsempha. Kashiamu akapezeka kwambiri, m'pamenenso mumakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi CAD.

EBCT siyigwiritsidwe ntchito pafupipafupi kuti ipeze CAD, chifukwa kulondola kwake sikudziwikabe.

Coronary Angiography ndi Cardiac Catheterization

Dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti mukhale ndi coronary angiography ngati mayesero kapena zinthu zina zikusonyeza kuti muli ndi CAD. Mayesowa amagwiritsa ntchito utoto ndi ma x-ray apadera kuti awonetse zamkati mwamitsempha yanu yamitsempha.

Kuti utoto ulowe m'mitsempha yanu ya coronary, dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa cardiac catheterization. Kachubu yayitali, yopyapyala, yopindika yotchedwa catheter imayikidwa mumtsempha wamagazi m'manja mwanu, m'chiuno (chapamwamba ntchafu), kapena khosi. Kenako chubucho chimalowetsedwa m’mitsempha yanu yapamtima, ndipo utotowo umatuluka m’magazi anu. Magetsi apadera a x amatengedwa pamene utoto ukuyenda kudzera m'mitsempha yanu yamitsempha.

Catheterization yamtima nthawi zambiri imachitika mchipatala. Mwadzuka panthawi ya ndondomekoyi. Nthawi zambiri sizimapweteka kwenikweni, ngakhale mutha kumva kuwawa mumtsuko wamagazi momwe dokotala adayikapo catheter.

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD) atha kuphatikizanso kusintha kwamachitidwe, mankhwala, ndi njira zamankhwala. Zolinga za chithandizo ndi:

• Pewani zizindikiro
• Kuchepetsa zinthu zoopsa kuti muchepetse, kuyimitsa, kapena kusintha chikwangwani
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuundana kwa magazi, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa matenda amtima
• Kukula kapena kulambalalitsa mitsempha yotsekeka
• Pewani zovuta za CAD

Kusintha Kwamoyo

Kupanga zosintha m'moyo zomwe zimaphatikizira dongosolo lokhala ndi thanzi labwino, osasuta, kuchepetsa mowa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa nthawi zambiri kumathandizira kupewa kapena kuchiza CAD. Kwa anthu ena, kusintha kumeneku kungakhale chithandizo chokhacho chofunikira.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti "choyambitsa" chomwe chimanenedwa kawirikawiri cha matenda a mtima ndi chochitika chokhumudwitsa kwambiri - makamaka chokhudza mkwiyo. Koma njira zina zimene anthu amalimbana ndi kupsinjika maganizo, monga kumwa, kusuta, kapena kudya mopambanitsa, sizikhala ndi thanzi la mtima.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuthana ndi nkhawa ndikuchepetsa ziwopsezo zina za CAD. Anthu ambiri amapezanso kuti kusinkhasinkha kapena kupuma kumawathandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa.

Mankhwala

Mungafunike mankhwala ochizira CAD ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikokwanira. Mankhwala akhoza:

• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito pamtima panu ndikuchepetsa zizindikiritso za CAD
• Chepetsani mwayi wanu wokhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena kufa mwadzidzidzi
• Chepetsani cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Pewani magazi kuundana
• Pewani kapena kuchedwetsa kufunikira kwa njira yapadera (mwachitsanzo, angioplasty kapena coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG))

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza CAD amaphatikizapo anticoagulants, aspirin ndi mankhwala ena a antiplatelet, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitroglycerin, glycoprotein IIb-IIIa, statins, ndi mafuta a nsomba ndi zina zowonjezera za omega-3 fatty acids.

Njira Zachipatala

Mungafunike njira zamankhwala zochizira CAD. Onse angioplasty ndi CABG amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo.

• Angioplasty amatsegula mitsempha yotseka kapena yochepetsetsa. Pakati pa angioplasty, chubu chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi buluni kapena chida china kumapeto chimamangiriridwa kudzera mumtambo wamagazi kupita kumtunda wopindika kapena wotsekedwa. Ikakhazikika, baluniyo imawonjezedwa kuti ikankhire zolembera kunja ku khoma la mtsempha. Izi zimakulitsa mtsempha wamagazi ndikubwezeretsanso magazi.
  
  Angioplasty imatha kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita kumtima, kuchepetsa kupweteka pachifuwa, komanso kupewa matenda a mtima. Nthawi zina chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa stent chimayikidwa mumtsempha kuti chikhale chotseguka pambuyo potsatira.

• Mu Mtengo CABG, mitsempha kapena mitsempha yochokera kumadera ena a thupi lanu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa (ndiko kuti, kuzungulira) mitsempha yanu yopapatiza. CABG ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumtima wanu, kuchepetsa kupweteka pachifuwa, ndipo mwinamwake kulepheretsa kudwala kwa mtima.

Inu ndi dokotala mudzazindikira kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe angakuthandizeni.

Kupewa

Mutha kuchepetsa mwayi wotenga matenda a mtima pochita izi:

• Dziwani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa zaka zambiri kungayambitse matenda a mtima. Anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zisonyezo, choncho magazi anu aziyang'aniridwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zilizonse ndipo mupeze chithandizo ngati mukufuna.
• Osasuta. Ngati mumasuta, yesetsani kusiya. Ngati zikukuvutani kusiya, funsani dokotala kapena namwino za zigamba za chikonga ndi chiseyeye kapena zinthu zina ndi mapulogalamu omwe angakuthandizeni kusiya.

• Yezetsani matenda a shuga. Anthu odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi shuga wambiri (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa shuga wamagazi). Nthawi zambiri, sakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, choncho yang'anani shuga wanu wamagazi pafupipafupi. Kukhala ndi matenda ashuga kumakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala matenda amtima. Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati mukufuna mapiritsi a shuga kapena kuwombera insulini. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukuthandizani kuti mupange dongosolo labwino lodyera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Pezani mayeso anu a cholesterol ndi triglyceride. Cholesterol wambiri wamagazi amatha kutseka mitsempha yanu ndikuteteza mtima wanu kuti usalandire magazi omwe amafunikira. Izi zingayambitse matenda a mtima. Mulingo wapamwamba wa triglycerides, mawonekedwe amafuta mumtsinje wamagazi anu, amalumikizidwa ndi matenda amtima mwa anthu ena. Anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yochuluka m'magazi kapena triglycerides yambiri m'magazi nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi zizindikiro, choncho afufuze nthawi zonse. Ngati magawo anu ali okwera, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse. Mutha kuchepetsa zonse ziwiri mwa kudya bwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri. (Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa LDL ndikukweza HDL.) Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol.
• Pitirizani kulemera bwino. Kulemera kwambiri kumakulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Terengani Body Mass Index (BMI) yanu kuti muwone ngati muli athanzi labwino. Kusankha zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira kuti munthu akhale wonenepa:
• Yambani powonjezera zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse pazakudya zanu.
• Mlungu uliwonse, khalani ndi cholinga chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera maola awiri ndi mphindi 30, ola limodzi ndi mphindi 15 zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono komanso mwamphamvu.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa. Ngati mumamwa mowa, musamamwe mowa umodzi (mowa umodzi wokwana 12, galasi limodzi la vinyo 5, kapena botolo limodzi la mowa) patsiku.
• Aspirin tsiku. Aspirini atha kukhala othandiza kwa amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, monga omwe adadwala kale mtima. Koma spirin imatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri ndipo imatha kukhala yovulaza ikaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena. Ngati mukuganiza zakumwa aspirin, kambiranani ndi dokotala poyamba. Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti aspirin ndi chisankho chabwino kwa inu, onetsetsani kuti mwamwa monga momwe mwalembera
• Pezani njira zabwino zothanirana ndi nkhawa. Chepetsani kupsinjika kwanu polankhula ndi anzanu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kulemba m'magazini.

Kwachokera: National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (www.nhlbi.nih.gov); National Women's Health Information Center (www.womenshealth.gov)

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