Mlembi: Monica Porter
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 15 Kuguba 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 25 Jayuwale 2025
Anonim
Kodi Muyenera Kukhala Ndi Sodium Yanji Patsiku? - Zakudya
Kodi Muyenera Kukhala Ndi Sodium Yanji Patsiku? - Zakudya

Zamkati

Sodium - omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mchere - amapezeka pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe mumadya ndi kumwa.

Zimapezeka mwachilengedwe muzakudya zambiri, zimawonjezeredwa kwa ena panthawi yopanga ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera kunyumba ndi malo odyera.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, sodium imalumikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumawononga mitsempha yanu ndi mitsempha mukakweza kwambiri. Izi, zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda a mtima, sitiroko, kulephera kwa mtima ndi matenda a impso.

Chifukwa chake, oyang'anira azaumoyo angapo akhazikitsa malangizo oletsa kuchepa kwa sodium.

Komabe, malangizowa adakhala otsutsana, popeza si onse omwe angapindule ndi chakudya chochepetsedwa.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza kufunikira kwa sodium, zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kapena kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe muyenera kudya patsiku.

Zofunikira pa Thanzi

Ngakhale akupitilizabe kupukutidwa, sodium ndichinthu chofunikira kuti munthu akhale ndi thanzi labwino.


Ndi imodzi mwama electrolyte amthupi mwanu, omwe ndi mchere womwe umapanga ma ayoni opanga magetsi.

Gwero lalikulu la sodium mu zakudya zambiri limaphatikizidwa ndi mchere wokhala ndi sodium chloride - yomwe ndi 40% ya sodium ndi 60% ya chloride polemera ().

Chifukwa mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza chakudya ndikupanga, zakudya zosinthidwa zimawerengera pafupifupi 75% ya sodium yonse yomwe imadya ().

Masodium ambiri a thupi lanu amakhala m'magazi anu ndi madzi ozungulira maselo anu, komwe amathandiza kuti madziwa azikhala bwino.

Kuphatikiza pa kusunga madzi abwinobwino, sodium imathandizira kwambiri m'mitsempha komanso minofu.

Impso zanu zimathandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa sodium m'thupi lanu posintha kuchuluka komwe mumatulutsa mkodzo wanu. Mumatayanso sodium potuluka thukuta.

Kulephera kwa sodium ndikosowa kwambiri pamikhalidwe yokhazikika - ngakhale ndimakudya otsika kwambiri a sodium (,).

Chidule

Sodium ndi michere yofunikira pa thanzi. Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu minyewa ndi minyewa ndipo imathandizira thupi lanu kukhalabe olimba ndimadzimadzi.


Kugwirizana ndi Kuthamanga kwa Magazi

Zakhala zikudziwika kale kuti sodium imakulitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi - makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi milingo yokwera.

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kulumikizana pakati pa sodium ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumadziwika koyamba ku France mu 1904 ().

Komabe, sizinali mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1940 pomwe kulumikizanaku kunadziwika kwambiri pomwe wasayansi Walter Kempner adawonetsa kuti chakudya cha mchere wochepa kwambiri chimatha kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu 500 omwe ali ndi milingo yokwera ().

Kuyambira pamenepo, kafukufuku wakhazikitsa ubale wamphamvu pakati pa kudya kwambiri sodium ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (,,,).

Chimodzi mwazofufuza zazikulu pamutuwu ndi Chiyembekezo cha Urban Rural Epidemiology, kapena PURE ().

Pofufuza kuchuluka kwa sodium mkodzo wa anthu opitilira 100,000 ochokera kumayiko 18 m'ma kontinenti asanu, ofufuza adapeza kuti omwe amadya sodium wochulukirapo amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi kuposa omwe samadya kwambiri ().

Pogwiritsa ntchito anthu omwewo, asayansi ena adawonetsa kuti anthu omwe amadya magalamu opitilira 7 a sodium patsiku amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima komanso kufa msanga kuposa anthu omwe amadya magalamu a 3-6 tsiku lililonse ().


Komabe, sikuti aliyense amayankha ndi sodium chimodzimodzi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga komanso matenda a impso, komanso achikulire komanso aku Africa aku America, amakonda kukhala okhudzidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa magazi kukakhudzidwa ndi sodium (,).

Ngati mumaganizira mchere, kuchepetsa kudya kwa sodium kumalimbikitsidwa - monga momwe mungakhalire pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima okhudzana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (14).

Chidule

Sodium kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zotsatirazi ndizolimba mwa anthu ena, kuwapangitsa kukhala omvera kwambiri pamchere komanso kuthana ndi matenda amtima okhudzana ndi magazi.

Malangizo Azaumoyo

Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, azaumoyo alimbikitsa anthu kuti achepetse kudya kwa sodium kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Akuyerekeza kuti thupi lanu limangofunika 186 mg ya sodium patsiku kuti igwire bwino ntchito.

Komabe, sizingakhale zotheka kudya pang'ono, ndikukwaniritsa zosowa zanu zamagetsi ndikulandila zakudya zina zofunika.

Chifukwa chake, Institute of Medicine (IOM) imalimbikitsa kuti achikulire athanzi azidya 1,500 mg (1.5 magalamu) a sodium patsiku (14).

Nthawi yomweyo, IOM, USDA ndi US department of Health and Human Services amalimbikitsa kuti achikulire athanzi aziletsa kudya tsiku ndi tsiku zosakwana 2,300 mg (2.3 magalamu) - kufanana kwa supuni imodzi yamchere (14,).

Malirewa adakhazikitsidwa potengera umboni wochokera ku maphunziro azachipatala omwe sodium imaposa 2,300 mg (2.3 magalamu) patsiku imatha kusokoneza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.

Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa kutayika kwa sodium kudzera thukuta, malangizowa sakugwira ntchito kwa anthu omwe akutenga nawo mbali kwambiri ngati othamanga mpikisano kapena ogwira ntchito omwe amakhala otentha.

Mabungwe ena amapereka malingaliro osiyanasiyana.

WHO ikuwonetsa kudya 2,000 mg (2 magalamu) a sodium patsiku, ndipo American Heart Association imalangiza kudya kotsika kwambiri kwa 1,500 mg (1.5 magalamu) patsiku (, 17).

Masiku ano, anthu aku America amadya sodium yochulukirapo kuposa momwe akatswiri azaumoyo amalangizira - pafupifupi 3,400 mg (3.4 magalamu) tsiku lililonse ().

Komabe, malangizowa akhala akutsutsana, chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi sangapindule poletsa kudya kwawo kwa sodium (,).

M'malo mwake, umboni wosonyeza kuti kumwa mchere wochepa kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima mwa anthu athanzi kumakhala kochepa. Zitha kukhala zovulaza ().

Chidule

Akuluakulu azaumoyo amalimbikitsa pakati pa 1,500 mg (1.5 magalamu) ndi 2,300 mg (2.3 magalamu) a sodium patsiku paumoyo wamtima - ochepera kuposa aku America omwe amadya pafupifupi.

Zowopsa Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Umboni wina ukusonyeza kuti kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa sodium pamlingo woyenera kungakhale kovulaza.

Pakafukufuku wowerengera wophatikiza anthu opitilira 133,000 omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kochokera kumayiko 49 m'maiko asanu ndi limodzi, ofufuza adasanthula momwe kudya sodium kumakhudzira chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima komanso kufa msanga ().

Kuwunikaku kunawonetsa kuti - mosasamala kanthu za kuthamanga kwa magazi - anthu omwe amadya zosakwana 3,000 mg (3 magalamu) a sodium patsiku amatha kukhala ndi matenda amtima kapena kufa poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe amadya 4,000-5,000 mg (4-5 magalamu).

Kuphatikiza apo, iwo omwe amamwa zosakwana 3,000 mg (3 magalamu) a sodium patsiku anali ndi zovuta zoyipa kuposa anthu omwe amadya 7,000 mg (7 gramu).

Komabe, ofufuza apezanso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi omwe amadya magalamu opitilira 7 a sodium patsiku amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima kapena kufa kuposa anthu omwe amadya magalamu 4-5.

Zotsatira izi ndi zina zikusonyeza kuti sodium yocheperako imatha kuwononga thanzi la anthu kuposa momwe amathandizira kwambiri (,,).

Chidule

Mwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanthawi yayitali, kumwa sodium yochulukirapo kwawonetsedwa kuti kumawonjezera thanzi kuposa kudya kwambiri.

Kodi Muyenera Kuchepetsa Kudya kwanu?

Anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi omwe amadya magalamu opitilira 7 a sodium patsiku amayenera kudya zochepa.

Zomwezo zitha kugwiranso ntchito ngati mwalangizidwa ndi adotolo kapena akatswiri azakudya kuti muchepetse kudya kwa sodium pazifukwa zamankhwala - monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri cha sodium.

Komabe, kuchepetsa sodium sikuwoneka ngati kukupanga kusiyana kwakukulu kwa anthu athanzi.

Ngakhale akuluakulu azaumoyo akupitilizabe kukakamira kuchepa kwa sodium wocheperako, kuchepetsa sodium wochulukirapo - pansi pa magalamu atatu patsiku - kumatha kusokoneza thanzi.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti anthu omwe amadya osachepera 3 magalamu a sodium patsiku amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima ndikumwalira msanga kuposa anthu omwe amadya magalamu 4-5.

Izi zimadzetsa nkhawa zakuti malangizo a sodium - kuyambira 1,500 mg (1.5 magalamu) mpaka 2,300 mg (2.3 magalamu) - akuvulaza kwambiri kuposa zabwino, monga umboni wochulukirapo ukusonyeza kuti milingo iyi ikhoza kukhala yotsika kwambiri.

Izi zati, ndi 22% yokha ya anthu ochokera kumayiko 49 omwe amadya magalamu opitilira 6 a sodium patsiku, kuchuluka kwa sodium yomwe anthu athanzi akuyamwa mwina ndibwino ().

Chidule

Ngati mumamwa magalamu opitilira 7 a sodium patsiku ndikukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndibwino kuchepetsa kudya kwanu kwa sodium. Koma ngati muli wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe mukudya panopa mwina ndi kotetezeka.

Njira Zina Zochepetsera Kutaya Magazi Kwanu Ndikuthandizira Kukhala Ndi Thanzi Labwino

Kupeza sodium yocheperako yomwe akatswiri azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kungakhale kovuta ndipo mwina sikungakhale kwathanzi lanu.

Pali njira zina zothandiza zothanirana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwongolera thanzi lanu osangoganizira za kuchuluka kwa sodium yomwe mumadya.

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalumikizidwa ndi zabwino zambiri zathanzi - kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwa magazi ().

Kuphatikiza kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kukana ndikwabwino, koma kungoyenda kungathandize kutsitsa magawo anu (,,,).

Ngati simungathe kupita kumalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, yesetsani kuyenda kwa mphindi 30 patsiku. Ngati nthawi iyi ndiyambiri kukwaniritsa nthawi imodzi, igawani mphindi zitatu za mphindi 10.

Idyani Zipatso Zambiri ndi Masamba

Anthu ambiri samadya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zokwanira.

Zakudya izi zimakhala ndi michere yambiri - monga potaziyamu ndi magnesium - zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (,).

Zamasamba monga letesi, beetroot, sipinachi ndi arugula ndizochokera ku nitrate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mupange nitric oxide (,).

Nitric oxide imachepetsa mitsempha yanu yamagazi ndi mitsempha, kuwapangitsa kuti achepetse ndikuwonjezera magazi - pomaliza pake amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ().

Idyani Ma calories Ochepa

Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium kumalumikizidwa ndi kudya kwa kalori - momwe mumadya ma calories ambiri, ndimomwe mumadya sodium ().

Popeza anthu ambiri amadya ma calorie ambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira tsiku lililonse, kungochepetsa ma calories ndiye njira yosavuta yochepetsera chakudya chanu cha sodium osaganizira kwambiri.

Kudya ma calories ochepa kumathandizanso kuti muchepetse kunenepa, zomwe zingachepetsenso kuthamanga kwa magazi (,,,).

Malire Mowa

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zina zingapo zakumwa, kumwa kwambiri kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (,,,).

Amayi ndi abambo amayenera kuchepetsa kumwa mowa kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku, motsatana. Ngati mupitilira malangizowa, mungafune kuchepetsa (38).

Chakumwa chimodzi chimafanana:

  • Ma ola 12 (355 ml) a mowa wokhazikika
  • Ma ouniga 8 mpaka 9 (237-266 ml) wa mowa wamadzimadzi
  • Ma ounces asanu (148 ml) a vinyo
  • Ma ola 1.5 (44 ml) ya mizimu yosungunuka
Chidule

Pali njira zowoneka bwino komanso zothandiza zochepetsera kuthamanga kwa magazi kuposa kuwonera momwe mumadya sodium.Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zocheperako ndikuchepetsa ma calories ndi mowa.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Sodium ndi michere yofunikira yomwe thupi lanu limafunikira pazinthu zambiri zofunika.

Akuluakulu azaumoyo amalimbikitsa pakati pa 1.5 ndi 2.3 magalamu a sodium patsiku. Komabe, umboni wowonjezereka ukusonyeza kuti malangizowa atha kukhala otsika kwambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi sayenera kupitirira magalamu 7 patsiku, koma ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe mukudya pakadali pano ndibwino.

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, pali zinthu zina zingapo, zothandiza zomwe mungachite, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukonza zakudya zanu kapena kuchepetsa thupi.

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